Post-mortem hemoparasite detection in free-living Brazilian brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira, Fischer 1814) AbstractTick-borne infections can result in serious health problems for wild ruminants, and some of these infectious agents can be considered zoonosis. The aim of the present study was the post-mortem detection of hemoparasites in free-living Mazama gouazoubira from Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The deer samples consisted of free-living M. gouazoubira (n = 9) individuals that died after capture. Necropsy examinations of the carcasses were performed to search for macroscopic alterations. Organ samples were collected for subsequent imprint slides, and nested PCR assays were performed to detect hemoparasite species. Imprint slide assays from four deer showed erythrocytes infected with Piroplasmida small trophozoites, and A. marginale corpuscles were observed in erythrocytes from two animals. A. marginale and trophozoite co-infections occurred in two deer. A nested PCR analysis of the organs showed that six of the nine samples were positive for Theileria sp., five were positive for A. phagocytophilum and three were positive for A. marginale, with co-infection occurring in four deer. The results of the present study demonstrate that post-mortem diagnostics using imprint slides and molecular assays are an effective method for detecting hemoparasites in organs.
RESUMOApresentamos um estudo de caso em que o foco das preocupações de manejo em uma área protegida se deslocou de uma evidente condenação pública a uma espécie silvestre, a capivara, para a construção de uma proposta coletiva de manejo da paisagem e de comunicação visando à redução da exposição das pessoas a carrapatos de modo a diminuir o risco de doenças a eles associadas. O caso aconteceu na região da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, com forte apelo turístico, onde a abordagem de questões relativas a doenças transmissíveis é dificultada pelo trauma da quebra da economia local, baseada no turismo, em função da divulgação equivocada, há mais de 10 anos, de um caso de esquistossomose pela imprensa, com ampla repercussão. Investigou-se a presença de agentes causadores da Febre Maculosa Brasileira (FMB) por meio de exames sorológicos em cavalos, cães e capivaras e teste de hemolinfa seguido de exame de PCR dos carrapatos casos positivos. As formas de Rickettsia encontradas não pertencem ao grupo das relacionadas à FMB, mas esta informação não reduz a preocupação com a vigilância sanitária e cuidados com exposição a carrapatos. Palavras-chave: Febre maculosa brasileira; gerenciamento de risco; manejo da paisagem; uso público; unidades de conservação. ABSTRACT FROM CAPYBARAS AND TICKS TO MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS AND COMMUNICATION TOOLS AT SERRA DO CIPÓ NATIONAL PARK AIMING AT REDUCING HEALTH RISKS.We report a study first designed to deal with a collective condemnation of the capybaras, in a protected area. The emphasis shifted from the capybaras to the high risks associated to exposure to ticks, a diversified group of complex ecological relations, both with hosts and pathogens. A management program associating communication tools and varied strategies to reduce exposition to ticks was collectively proposed considering local perception about the capybaras and their ecological relations, the risk of occurrence of spotted fever, the spatial distribution of ticks, and resistance of local community to explicitly deal with transmissible health problems, due to high social magnificence and economic losses after a wrong report about Schistosomiasis in the region in a previous year. RESUMEN DE CAPIVARAS Y GARRAPATAS, A UNA PROPUESTA DE COMUNICACIÓN Y MANEJO EN EL PARQUE NACIONAL DA SERRA DO CIPÓ PARA LA REDUCCIÓN DE RIESGOS PARA LA SALUD.Traemos un caso de investigación enfocada en el manejo de un área protegida en lo cual el centro de las atenciones ha cambiado desde la preocupación con la condena colectiva de una especie silvestre, la capibara, hacia la proposición de una estrategia de manejo del paisaje y de comunicación dirigidas a la reducción del riesgo de contacto con garrapatas, considerando las enfermedades y la incomodidad asociadas a este vector. El caso se pasó en la región de Serra do Cipó, donde la economía está fuertemente basada en el turismo, y la consideración de temas relativos a enfermedades transmisibles es dificultado por lo trauma con la divulgación de noticias incorrectas acerca de un caso de esquistosomiasis ...
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