This article summarises the findings of an ethnographic study among children of ages nine to fifteen who attend Aula Vereda, a community organisation in their neighbourhood with educational and recreational activities, once a week. On the assumption that children actively construct knowledge and do not merely repeat what adults impart, I'll identify three different ways in which these youths approach the instances of learning that the educators propose at the centre. These approaches, in turn, reveal a variety of cognitive productions and means for negotiating the spatial and generational meanings at work in the neighbourhood where they live.
Las reconfiguraciones políticas de las últimas décadas en Argentina produjeron nuevas estrategias de lucha y organización popular, que implicaron la movilización de las familias enteras al piquete, a la cooperativa de vivienda o a la marcha en la plaza. A partir de este proceso, miles de niños y niñas comenzaron a participar cotidianamente de prácticas políticas sobre las que construyen conocimiento. Sobre la base de un trabajo etnográfico realizado en una vivienda colectiva de un movimiento social de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, indagaremos aquello que los niños y niñas conocen de la política, mientras producen sus propias prácticas de acción colectiva, abriendo una disputa de poder intergeneracional sobre el espacio. Utilizaremos también entrevistas clínico-críticas para reconstruir sus nociones, en tanto asumimos que estos sujetos no simplifican lo que piensan los adultos sobre las prácticas, sino que elaboran sus propios sentidos, siempre en relación con sus contextos sociales y materiales. "A Children´s meeting". Constructions of children's knowledge about politics in a social movement
Though context has yet to receive an unequivocal definition, it is a concept that frequently appears in research in children's knowledge and its construction. This article examines the scope and meaning of context in genetic psychology and social anthropology in order to better understand the relationship between children's construction of knowledge and the context in which it occurs. Meta-theoretical, theoretical and methodological complexities arise when the concept is analyzed in the two disciplines, and these will also be addressed herein. The fields of anthropology and constructive psychology are both affected by the relationship between the building of knowledge and the social practices surrounding this process. Finally, based on these empirical examinations, the article explores how research methodologies could incorporate the notion of context in research focused on the construction of knowledge.
ResumenEn este trabajo abordaremos, desde una perspectiva antropológica, la "campaña por los derechos de la niñez y la adolescencia indígena" lanzada por UNICEF Argentina en 2009, con el fi n de problematizar las construcciones de niñez, de la cuestión indígena y de la noción de "derechos" que allí se ponen en juego. Distanciándonos de concepciones ontológicas sobre los derechos humanos, analizaremos esta campaña en tanto dispositivo cuyo efecto es la construcción de los niños indígenas como sujetos de derechos de maneras específi cas. Para ello, indagamos en el modo en que fue ésta elaborada, así como en sus contenidos, procurando explicar qué derechos y qué representaciones de los niños indígenas se visibilizaron a través de ella y las tensiones suscitadas en su proceso de armado y presentación. Palabras clave: Derechos humanos; niñez; pueblos indígenas; organismos internacionales.
To the Rescue of Indigenous Children. Anthropological Refl ections Stemming from a UNICEF Campaign in Argentina
AbstractThis article presents an anthropological approach to the "Campaign for the Indigenous Children and Adolescents' Rights" launched by UNICEF Argentina in September 2009, with the purpose of analyzing the social constructions of childhood, of indigenous issues and the meanings of "rights" that are there implied. Far from human rights´ ontological perspectives, we address this Campaign as a mechanism that constructs the idea of indigenous children as subjects of rights in specifi c ways. For this purpose, we examine the making process of the Campaign and its contents, attempting to clarify the precise rights and
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