Morphonotactics is a term introduced by Dressler and Dziubalska-Kołaczyk (2006) to refer to the interaction of phonotactics and morphotactics. This paper examines the acquisition of phonotactics and morphonotactics, i.e. consonant clusters occurring within morphemes and across morpheme boundaries. It is hypothesized that morphonotactic clusters will be better retained in production than lexical clusters as they carry significant morphological information. Additionally, the acquisition of consonant clusters will be investigated in terms of markedness. With respect to markedness, two hypotheses have been put forward. Firstly, less marked (preferred) sequences will emerge earlier. Secondly, preferred clusters will be retained in production better.

The study compares educated Poznań speech on the basis of a study by Witaszek-Samborska (1985, 1986) and a corpus compiled 30 years later. The features of Poznań speech, examined on 14 speakers from the corpus, include: voicing of obstruents before heterolexical sonorants (okszyg emocji), realization of word-final ‹-ą› as [-ɔm] (idom tom drogom), realization of /stʂ tʂ dʐ/ as /ʂ  / (szczelać), the presence of the velar nasal [ŋ] before a heteromorphemic velar plosive /k/ (okienko), realization of word-final ‹-ej› as /-i(j)/ or /-ɨ(j)/ (lepi(j)), presence of prothetic [w] before word-initial /ɔ/ (łojciec), presence of voiced /v/ in clusters with preceding voiceless consonants (trwały), and realization of ‹-śmy› as [ʑmɨ] (słyszelˈiśmy). The results suggest a change in Poznań speech and point towards dialect levelling. 1 We would like to thank our audience at the 47 th Poznan Linguistic Meeting, in particular to Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kołaczyk, Raymond Hickey and Peter Trudgill for their comments and suggestions. We have included the implicational hierarchy and the result is, we believe, a stronger article. Our three anonymous reviewers deserve special mention as their insights prompted exacting revisions to our original manuscript. Last but not least, we gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Higher Education which contributed to corpus collection (grant number: 0113/NPRH2/H11/81/2013).

No abstract

WHAT IS IMPORTANT IN DOCTORAL DISSERTATION? -EVALUATION CRITERIA OF A PHD DISSERTATION IN MANAGEMENT SCIENCEAbstract: Th e purpose of the doctoral dissertation review is to formulate opinions from the results of students' research that they have gathered for their PhD degree. Th ere are other uses for the research in these reviews. Just the acknowledgement alone of the underlying criteria is so important when evaluating scientifi c studies. Reviews can be very helpful when setting standards. Th e reviews are also motivating and can inspire many other PhD students.

In this paper, we take up the challenge of exploring the relationship between markedness and frequency in phonotactics. The study is based on word-initial and word-final consonant clusters in Polish and English. The aim of this study is threefold. First, we establish logarithmic frequencies for word-initial and final consonant clusters compiled from two resources, a dictionary (or paradigm) and a written corpus. Second, we examine the preferability status of clusters in three frequency bands (high, mid, low) in terms of two phonotactic principles, i.e. sonority and Net Auditory Distance. Finally, we test the correlations between degrees of markedness and frequency. The present paper extends our previous studies on comparative Polish–English phonotactics, where markedness and frequency constitute the core of the analysis. The study shows that there is no relationship between cluster markedness and its frequency. As to frequencies, Polish and English differ from each other with respect to the distribution of clusters in the dictionary list, while the disproportions are neutralized in usage.