Pythiosis is a granulomatous infectious disease caused by the oomycete Pythium insidiosum. In Brazil, there are a considerable number of studies on that disease in dogs mainly from the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Given the unfamiliarity of the affectation in dogs from other locations, such as the Northeast, its description in native animals from federal units of this latter region becomes essential. In this sense, this study aimed to register the first case of canine pythiosis found in the city of Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte (RN), Brazil. A two-year-old mixed breed female dog was referred to the Veterinary Hospital of the Rural Federal University of the Semi-Arid (Mossoró, RN, Brazil). Physical examination showed swelling in the anal mucocutaneous junction. During rectal palpation, lumen stenosis was detected.Laboratory screening tests were requested, but due to nonspecific results, performing incisional biopsy of the anal lesion was decided. Fragments were sent for histopathological analysis, being used special histochemical staining. Accordingly, a case of pythiosis was found. Pharmacotherapy was applied with itraconazole and terbinafine hydrochloride prescription. After three months and twelve days of treatment, complete remission of the lesions occurred. One should consider pythiosis in native dogs from the city of Mossoró, RN. Adoption of diagnosis appropriate methods is essential for early disease identification, with a positive impact on therapeutic decisions. ________________________ Macêdo et al., Revista Brasileira de Higiene e Sanidade Animal (v.8, n.4) p. 88 -109 out -dez (2014) Macêdo et al., Revista Brasileira de Higiene e Sanidade Animal (v.8, n.4) p. 88 -109 out -dez (2014
RESUMO -A hiperplasia fibroepitelial e a displasia cística são proliferações não neoplásicas da glândula mamária felina. Embora sejam benignas, possuem o carcinoma como principal diagnóstico diferencial. Objetivou-se estabelecer o perfil clínico-epidemiológico e terapêutico das neoformações mamárias não neoplásicas de gatas domésticas, no sentido de auxiliar aos clínicos veterinários no manejo destas mastopatias. A obtenção das informações, de forma retrospectiva, ocorreu por meio de fichas do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido. Foi colhida informação da anamnese, aspecto clínico das lesões, diagnóstico microscópico, terapia utilizada e resposta clínica. Os dados foram distribuídos em frequências. Verificou-se que a maioria das alterações (91%) correspondia à hiperplasia fibroepitelial, em contraste com apenas um (9%) caso de displasia cística. A citologia confirmou todas as situações de hiperplasia fibroepitelial, enquanto o diagnóstico definitivo da displasia cística foi obtido somente pela histopatologia. Grande parte das gatas estudadas possuía idade inferior a um ano, sendo usualmente não ovariectomizada e já submetida à terapia com progestágenos. O sinal clínico mais comum foi à cianose local. Em 90% das fêmeas com hiperplasia fibroepitelial mamária, o tratamento primário equivaleu à administração de fármaco antiprogestágeno (aglepristone). Após a regressão do tecido mamário, as pacientes foram submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia. Para a displasia cística, estabeleceu-se a associação da esterilização cirúrgica com a mastectomia. Para todas as situações, as distintas terapias promoveram a remissão definitiva das mastopatias. Os dados obtidos tornam-se fundamentais para a abordagem clínica e terapêutica das pacientes felinas acometidas por neoformações não neoplásicas da glândula mamária.Palavras-Chave: Estudo retrospectivo; Felis catus; mastopatias hiperplásicas e displásicas. ABSTRACT -The fibroepithelial hyperplasia and cystic dysplasia correspond to feline mammary gland nonneoplastic proliferations. Although benign, they have the carcinoma as the main differential diagnosis. The study aimed to establish the clinical-epidemiological and therapeutic profile of nonneoplastic mammary neoformations of domestic cats, in order to help veterinary clinicians in the management of feline mastopathies. Information was obtained retrospectively from the Veterinary Hospital of the Semi-Arid Rural Federal University clinical records. Historical information, clinical appearance of the lesions and microscopic diagnosis were collected, besides the therapy used and the respective clinical response. The data were distributed in frequencies. It was found that most disorders (91%) corresponded to fibroepithelial hyperplasia, in contrast with one (9%) case of cystic dysplasia. Cytology was enough to confirm all cases of fibroepithelial hyperplasia, while the cystic dysplasia definitive diagnosis was obtained only by the histopathological exam. Many of the cats studied were under one year old,...
RESUMO -A pitiose é uma doença granulomatosa decorrente da infecção pelo oomiceto Pythium insidiosum. Essa enfermidade tem recebido grande atenção devido à ampla distribuição do patógeno, sintomatologia variável, dificuldade no diagnóstico e necessidade de seleção de uma terapia apropriada. O presente trabalho objetivou realizar uma revisão de literatura a respeito da pitiose na espécie canina, alertando o médico veterinário em considerar tal enfermidade na rotina da clínica de pequenos animais. Para a manutenção do ciclo no ambiente, o P. insidiosum necessita de umidade e com temperatura elevada. Não se verifica transmissão direta entre animais ou zoonótica. No Brasil há um considerável volume de estudos da pitiose em cães, principalmente nas regiões Sul e Sudeste. Frequentemente os animais afetados são machos, de grande porte, com idade inferior a três anos. Essa doença Apresenta-se sob as formas gastrintestinal e cutânea, sendo a primeira a mais frequente. A avaliação histopatológica pode representar a única ferramenta para o diagnóstico, pois rotineiramente as amostras encontram-se fixadas em formol, o que inviabiliza o seu envio para a cultura. As terapias utilizadas apresentam resultados variados e incluem combinação de antifúngicos sistêmicos, cirurgia e imunoterapia. Torna-se essencial a inclusão da pitiose na diferenciação de determinadas enfermidades cutâneas e/ou gastroentéricas que acometem os cães. Essa doença infecciosa não deve ser considerada incomum na prática da clínica veterinária, pois o que provavelmente ocorre é um subdiagnóstico, seja pela ausência de suspeita clínica ou a falta de direcionamento das amostras teciduais para laboratórios especializados. Palavras-Chave: Pythium insidiosum; revisão literária; contribuição diagnóstica; Canis familiaris. ABSTRACT -Pythiosis is a granulomatous infectious disease caused by the oomycete Pythium insidiosum.This disease has received great attention due to the pathogen wide distribution, variable symptoms, difficulty in clinical diagnosis and need for appropriate therapy selection. This study aimed to perform a literature review about the pythiosis in dogs, prompting a veterinarian to consider this disease in the small animal clinic routine. For the maintenance of the cycle in the environment, P. insidiosum requires water accumulation and high temperature. There is neither direct transmission among animals nor zoonotic. In Brazil, there is a considerable amount of study on pythiosis in dogs, especially in the South and Southeast regions. Often affected animals are male, large, and below three years of age. The disease shows up under the gastrointestinal and in skin forms, being the first the most common. Histopathology may represent the only tool for the diagnosis, since samples are routinely fixed in formalin, making their culture unfeasible. The therapies used have varied results and include systemic antifungal drug combination, surgery, and immunotherapy. Pythiosis should be included in the differentiation of certain skin and/or gastroenteric ailm...
The incidence and complexity in the clinical outcome of mammary tumors in domestic cats have aroused special interest in the study of prognostic factors. One of the complementary forms of prognosis assessment of malignant feline mammary tumors, by classical histopathology, corresponds to the stroma tissue analysis. This study aimed to characterize the mammary carcinomas microscopic stroma in female cats. Following the animals' mastectomy, samples (n = 24) were collected, being fixed thereafter. After that, the material was submitted to gross exam and subsequently subjected to classic histological processing. The stroma component of the mammary carcinomas corresponded to necrosis areas (92%), vascular invasion by tumor cells (62.5%), desmoplasia (21%) and microcalcifications (4%). For domestic cat mammary gland carcinomas, beyond the description of histomorphological type and degree of tumor differentiation, a detailed microscopic evaluation of the stroma tissue becomes essential, as it provides useful and relevant prognostic information in feline oncology.
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