-This report presents an analysis of the complaints of increasing daytime sleepiness as well as a study on their possible effects on the academic performance of medical students at the University of Brasilia. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale was applied to 172 medical students, at the beginning of August 1997 and at the end of November 1997. Academic performance was measured by analyzing the number of SS grades (from 9.0 to 10 over ten) and MM grades (from 5.0 to 6.9) attained in exams at the end of that school period. The results showed that at the beginning of the semester, 68 (39.53%) of these 172 students already presented with excessive daytime sleepiness, and that of the 104 remaining students, 38 (22%) developed daytime sleepiness by the end of the semester. Furthermore, it was observed that the sleepier students did not achieve as well as the others on their final examinations. KEY WORDS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale, daytime sleepiness, medical students, academic performance.Sonolência diurna e desempenho acadêmico em estudantes de medicina Sonolência diurna e desempenho acadêmico em estudantes de medicina Sonolência diurna e desempenho acadêmico em estudantes de medicina Sonolência diurna e desempenho acadêmico em estudantes de medicina Sonolência diurna e desempenho acadêmico em estudantes de medicina RESUMO -Este trabalho analisa a relação entre queixas de sonolência diurna crescente e desempenho acadêmico de estudantes de medicina da Universidade de Brasília. A escala de sonolência de Epworth foi aplicada em 172 estudantes de medicina no início de agosto de 1997 e no final de novembro (respectivamente início e final do semestre letivo). Estudou-se o desempenho acadêmico pela análise do número de menções SS (valores entre 9,0 e 10,0) e MM (valores entre 5,0 a 6,9) obtidas no final do referido semestre letivo. Os resultados revelam sonolência diurna desde o início do semestre em 68 alunos (39,53%) e, nos 104 restantes, observou-se sonolência diurna crescente no decorrer do semestre em 38 alunos (22 %). Observou-se também que os estudantes mais sonolentos apresentaram pior desempenho acadêmico. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Escala de Sonolência de Epworth, sonolência diurna excessiva, estudantes de medicina, desempenho acadêmico. The importance given to excessive daytime somnolence as a public health problem has increased lately, as it is one that affects almost 12% of all Americans 1 . Moreover, it has been held responsible for motor vehicle and work accidents, for difficulties in adapting to new situations, and for social maladjustment problems, as well as for a decrease in quality of life 2-5 . The literature describes an excessive occurrence of daytime somnolence in occupations such as professional drivers 6 , workers who do night shifts 7 , and medical residents 8 whose activities entail a lack of sleep as well as too much work, both of which cause stress.Despite the importance of these facts, little is to be found in the literature regarding daytime excessive drowsiness in medical students, not to mention the...

The alleles 1 and 2 of IL1A gene and the alleles 1 and 2 of IL1B gene were statistically associated with the success or no success of the dental implants. Tobacco habit and alcohol consumption showed no statistically significant association with success or no success of the dental implants.

The urban destruction captured by black and white photos of London after the Blitz or bomb‐damaged Berlin are emblematic of the desolation brought by modern warfare. Eyal Weizman, Paulo Tavares, Susan Schuppli and Situ Studio describe, though, how the built environment now represents more than a means of violation in conflict, as it has become an important source of evidence bearing witness to the event when international justice is sought. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Ventilation rates achieved with the self-inflating bag were adequate in approximately 80% of pressure curves analyzed, but the physicians were unable to provide ventilation with minimal pressure variation, producing pressures that diverged from those defined by the neonatal resuscitation training course in 70% of the curves. This was irrespective of whether they were ventilating the lung model analogous to preterm or full term infant lungs.

Objective: To evaluate the peak inspiratory pressure, tidal volume and respiratory rate achieved during manual ventilation of premature lambs, using a self-inflating bag.Methods: In this descriptive, experimental study, five pairs of physicians, selected at random among 35 neonatologists working at a neonatal intensive care unit and with experience in the resuscitation of newborn infants, ventilated five intubated premature lambs using a self-inflating bag. Pressure and flow monitor signals were passed through a transducer and digitized for recording and analysis. Tidal volume and pressure curves were obtained from the integral of flow rate, at peak, during the last 50 seconds of every fifth minute, and analyzed.Results: Median pressure was 39.8 (IQ 25-75% 30.2-47.2) cmH 2 O; being below 20 in 1.1% of cases and above 40 in 49.1%. Seven out of 10 physicians produced more than six pressure peaks of over 40 cmH 2 O. Median tidal volume/kg was 17.8 (IQ 25-75% 14.1-22.4) mL, being below 5 mL in 0.1% of cases and greater than or equal to 20 mL in 37.7%. All of the physicians propelled five or more ventilation cycles with tidal volume/kg of 20 mL or more. Respiratory rate was between 30 and 60 cycles/minute in 65.9% of cases, being below 30 in 6.8% of cases and over 60 in 27.3% of cases.Conclusions: There was major variation in peak inspiratory pressure and tidal volume/kg values, which were in many cases elevated, attaining levels that habitually cause biotrauma, while respiratory rates were adequate in the majority of cases. J Pediatr (Rio J) ARTIGO ORIGINAL