Climate change impact assessment is crucial for strategic planning in many areas, including water management, agriculture and forestry. Water planning has a long tradition in the Czech Republic, who has implemented the requirements of the Water Framework Directive since 2000. Following the expected impacts of climate change on the hydrological regime, adaptation measures in the water sector are being prepared as part of strategic plans. This contribution studies the uncertainty propagation of climate scenarios in hydrological data, which are then used to assess the reliability of water resources and to design appropriate adaptation measures. The results are being discussed for a case study in the deficit area of Rakovnický stream and Blšanska river basins, which are among the driest areas in the Czech Republic. Research of the impact of climate change on the reliability of water resources has been prepared using ensembles of selected regional climate models. This approach has allowed a probabilistic assessment of the impact on the hydrology regime and the reliability of water supply from reservoirs for various time horizons of climate change. In view of the relatively large variance of potential impacts on water resources, options for further strategic planning in the water management area are being discussed.

Studie uvádí do problematiky teorie možnosti, jejíž základy položil Zadeh (1978) s využitím teorie fuzzy množin, a objasňuje její základní pojmy a principy. Cílem studie bylo ověřit metodické postupy teorie možnosti na aktuálních vodohospodářských úlohách. V případové studii se zkoumaly možnosti současného nastání několika příčinných faktorů hydrologických situací a jejich dopady na vodní zdroje ve změněných klimatických podmínkách. Ve druhé úloze byly posuzovány dopady klimatické změny na zásobní funkci nádrže Šance v povodí Odry. V závěru se uvádějí problémy otevřené pro další výzkum.KLÍČOVÁ SLOVA: teorie možnosti, teorie fuzzy množin, funkce příslušnosti, fuzzy regulátor, míra možnosti, distribuční funkce možnosti, klimatická změna, klimatický model, nádrž. This study introduces the possibility theory, the foundations of which were laid by Zadeh (1978), using the fuzzy sets theory, and it clarifies its basic concepts and principles. The study was aimed to verify methodological procedures of the possibility theory in current water management tasks. The case study examined possibilities of simultaneous occurrence of several causal factors of hydrological situations, and their impacts on water sources in changed climatic conditions. The second task was focused on the assessment of effects of climatic change on the storage function of the Šance reservoir in the Odra River catchment. In the end, problems open up for further research are outlined.

Waterways are usually designed as multipurpose structures and perform a number of functions in addition to transport. A very common use is the generation of electricity in hydropower plants, water withdrawal for users and flood protection. On canalized rivers, increased attention must be paid to the design of the layout of the individual structures within the barrage. This paper deals with the optimization of barrage layout with respect to the interaction of navigation and hydropower use of the waterway. The navigation conditions below a power plant can be significantly affected by peak operation or by sudden load rejection. These phenomena can generate a negative surge wave with very adverse effects on navigation. In addition, special attention should be paid to the current conditions in the lower lock approach area and the guard wall that separates the lock approach from the weir and the power plant should be optimised. Appropriate design of operational and structural measures can significantly increase the traffic capacity of a waterway. The research was conducted as part of project no. DG18P02OVV004 within a support programme for applied research and experimental development of national and cultural identity, funded by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic.

The appropriate design of the turbine intake structure of a hydropower plant is based on assumptions about its suitable function, and the design will increase the total efficiency of operation. This paper deals with optimal design of the turbine structure of run-of-river hydropower plants. The study focuses mainly on optimization of the hydropower plant location with respect to the original river banks, and on the optimal design of a separating pier between the weir and the power plant. The optimal design of the turbine intake was determined with the use of 2-D mathematical modelling. A case study is performed for the optimal design of a turbine intake structure on the Nemen river in Belarus.

As part of the research focusing on the safety of vessels during the lockage in navigation locks, two different 1D numerical modeling approaches were tested. These approaches are used to determine the force effects on vessels during the direct filling process of the navigation lock. These numerical models were verified using data measured on a physical model. Using the selected 1D model, a parametric study focusing on the impact of the basic parameters of the navigation lock including the lifting velocity of the gates on the maximum hawser forces was performed. The research has shown that with a suitable design of the upper gate, the direct filling system may also be used for medium-head navigation locks with a normal lift of up to 5 m.