A three-year-old female child presented with history of difficulty in breathing and snoring, which disturbed her sleep for two weeks. There was history of loss of appetite and fever of one month duration.Clinical examination revealed a rapidly growing mass in the nasopharynx, pushing the soft palate. Airflow was absent in both nostrils.All the routine investigations including complete blood count and peripheral smear were done and found to be normal. CT scan and MRI were done which showed large destructive lesion with increased vascularity in the nasopharynx extending upto the skull base. The provisional diagnosis was rhabdomyosarcoma and chordoma based on the clinical and radiological findings [ ABSTRACTYolk sac tumour also known as primitive endodermal tumour is the most common malignant germ cell tumour (GCT) in the paediatric age group. Most common sites of involvement are ovaries and testes, but rarely can occur in the extragonadal sites. In the head and neck region, yolk sac tumours have been reported in the nasopharynx, sinonasal tract, orbit, ear and parotid gland. Nasopharynx is an uncommon site for yolk sac tumour and very few cases of nasopharngeal pure yolk sac tumour have been reported so far. Yolk sac tumours are highly malignant and have a poor prognosis. This is a case of pure GCT in a three-year-old female child who presented with a rapidly growing nasopharyngeal mass. Histopathological examination followed by immunohistochemistry and serum AFP study clinched the diagnosis of yolk sac tumour. The tumour responded well to chemotherapy as evidenced by decrease in serum AFP levels.

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Background: Upper gastro intestinal [GI] disorders are one of the most commonly encountered problems in clinical practice. A variety of disorders can affect upper GI mucosa, ranging from dysphagia, GI bleed, dyspepsia to altered bowel habits. For investigating symptoms related to upper gastro intestinal tract, endoscopic surveillance followed by biopsies from the grossly abnormal areas are the standard protocol followed. Upper GI Endoscopy is a simple safe and well tolerated OPD procedure. Differentiating benign and malignant lesions needs histopathological aid. The definitive diagnosis of gastric disorders relies on the histopathological confirmation and is one of the bases for planning proper treatment. The objective of our study was to find the prevalence of various disease entities in upper GI lesions in our areaMethods: This is a cross-sectional study includes 196 specimens from oesophagus, stomach and duodenum for a period of one year 2016-2017. H&E slides were reviewed by panel of pathologists, the datas were compiled and analysed.Result: Among 196 specimens, male predominance was noted among malignant lesions. In malignancies, squamous cell carcinoma moderately differentiated grade was highly predominant. Out of the seven biopsies from the oesophago-gastric [OG] junction, 57% of the cases were non neoplastic. Two cases each of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma was diagnosed from the OG junction during our study period. The incidence of duodenal pathology was comparatively less, adenocarcinoma was very less [3.2%] and inflammatory pathologies were more prevalent with female predominance was noted. A case of carcinoid was diagnosed in the duodenum during our study period. Conclusion:We had encountered wide variations of histopathology in the received biopsies and the incidence seen in our study matched those seen in the literatures.

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