Olfactory function in children is most commonly evaluated using the odour identification test despite the fact, that it is difficult to properly name odorants for young children. The goal of this study was to evaluate the pleasantness rating of odorants by children. The participants were 182 healthy children: the first group included 63 girls and 59 boys (aged 6 -7) and the second, included 31 girls and 29 boys (aged 11 -12). We assessed olfaction using 1) standard method of odorant identification using a U-Sniff test and 2) classifying the hedonic tone of the odorants into 5 categories. The identification test's median differed in younger and older groups of children, the median was 8 and 10 respectively (p<0.01). The unpleasant hedonic tones were butter, fish and onion. The pleasant hedonic tones were apple, orange and peach. The younger usually categorised hedonic tones as pleasant, compared to the older children, who categorised the odorant's hedonic tones more often as neutral (p<0.01). Conclusion:This study demonstrated that older children are able to identify odours better than younger. The categorisation of hedonic tones differed depending on the subject's age. The younger children tended to categorise odorants as being pleasant and older children as neutral.
The gold standard for treating obstructive sleep apnea in adults is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, it can be difficult to convince patients to adhere to this therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between nasal endoscopy findings/nose patency and CPAP adherence. Material and methods: A cohort of 450 consecutive patients suspected of having OSA were prospectively enrolled. For further analyses, 47 OSA patients undergoing CPAP treatment were selected (13 females and 34 males, average age, 65.3 years, BMI 34.1, apnea-hypopnea index. AHI 51.0). The patients were divided into two groups: patients with good CPAP adherence (n = 35) and patients who did not adhere to CPAP therapy (n = 12). The influence of nasal endoscopy and flow measurement on CPAP adherence was explored. Results: We found a statistical independence between adherence to CPAP and AHI (p = 0.124), T90 (p = 0.502), endoscopic findings (p = 0.588) and nasal patency measured by a flowmeter (p = 0.498). Conclusions: In our studied sample, endoscopic findings and nasal patency measured by a flowmeter were not predictors of CPAP non-adherence in the first year of the treatment. Our data show that while an endoscopic finding in the nasal cavity could indicate that a patient has a severe obstruction, compliance with CPAP therapy is not reduced in these patients and neither is it reduced with a decrease in nasal flow, according to our observation.
Cílem průzkumného šetření bylo posouzení změn ve stravování u neonkologických pacientů, po chirurgickém zákroku v ORL oblasti, který standardně vyžaduje krátkodobou hospitalizaci. V souboru byla nejčetněji zastoupena tyreoidektomie (32 %) a tonzilektomie (24 %). Publikované studie se zabývají převážně pacienty s karcinomem v oblasti hlavy a krku. Rozhodly jsme se proto, zaměřit na nutriční screening u pacientů s neonkologickou diagnózou, kde jsou rizikovým faktorem pro vznik malnutrice pooperační bolesti a poruchy polykání. Hodnocení nutričního screeningu bylo provedeno dotazníkem Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire, doplněné o vybrané otázky, z plné verze Mini Nutritional Assessment. Šetření se zúčastnilo 50 respondentů. Předoperačně, při příjmu na oddělení, byla zachycena mírná podvýživa (zisk 2 bodů v testu Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire) u 6 % respondentů, pooperačně u 10 %. Těžká malnutrice, tedy zisk 3 bodů, nebyl zaznamenán u žádného respondenta při příjmu, ani pooperačně. Nebyl zjištěn statisticky významný rozdíl mezi hodnotami hmotnosti u pacientů předoperačně a v pooperačním období. Subjektivně považuje 60 % pacientů své stravování v pooperačním období při hospitalizaci za plně dostačující. Bolesti při polykání v pooperačním období mají signifikantní vliv na průměrnou velikost snědených porcí. Subjektivně pacienti pociťovali omezení v příjmu stravy z důvodu bolesti v 20%. Nejčetněji se změny ve výživě v pooperačním období vyskytovaly u pacientů po uvulopalatofaryngoplastice a tonzilektomii. V pooperačním období se u těchto respondentů četně objevoval úbytek hmotnosti a bolesti, které omezovaly příjem stravy.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.