Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was previously considered as a psychosomatic disorder. But recent studies indicate that inflammation plays a significant role. The present study was undertaken to evaluate role of pro-inflammatory (IL 2, IL 6 and IL 8) and anti-inflammatory (IL 10) cytokines in clinically diagnosed patients of IBS. 51 patients and 29 controls were included in this study. On the basis of history of gastrointestinal infection, patients were divided into Post Infectious (PIIBS) and Non Post Infectious (NPIIBS) groups. All subsequently underwent colonoscopy and a rectosigmoid biopsy as well as measurement of levels of IL 2, 6, 8 and 10. The levels of IL 2 and IL 8 were significantly raised in IBS patients compared to controls with the mean level of IL 2,6 and 8 higher in PIIBS group than NPIIBS group but statistically significant for IL 8 only. The mean level IL-10 was reduced in patients compared to controls but statistically insignificant. Present study shows that Interleukin levels are altered in patients suffering from IBS and may have a key role in its pathogenesis.

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The global widespread of Corona virus disease is still having a catastrophic impact on mankind. COVID-19 has depicted its uncertain adversity in all age groups and the coexistence of co-morbidities have further shown a critical aspect of disease which has additionally ravaged the health status of the patients. The inflammatory markers have exhibited potential usefulness in predicting the outcome of the disease. The Aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation of inflammatory markers in COVID-19 positive patients among various age groups. The study was done on 225 COVID-19 patients, admitted to Mayo Institute of Medical Sciences, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh India, between 1st April-15th June 2021 categorizing into two groups based on their age (≤45 years and >45 years) and then values of various markers were gathered and compared. Among the 225 admitted COVID-19 patients, 78(34.6%) were ≤45 years, while the remaining 147(65.4%) were >45 years. Between these two age groups the aberrant values of inflammatory makers like Neutrophil count (p=0.0001), Lymphocyte count (p=0.0001), Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) (p=0.0091), Serum CRP level (p=0.0437), Lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) (p=0.0007) as well as Serum Ferritin level (p=0.0097) were found to be statistically significant whereas the remaining parameters like Total leucocyte count (TLC) (p=0.0905), Platelet count (p=0.8202) and Platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (p=0.1513) were statistically insignificant. The results conclude that there was a significant correlation between the age and the inflammatory markers in these patients. Patients with > 45 years had elevated/deranged levels of inflammatory markers, which were associated with the severity and poor prognosis of the disease. Thus, age can be considered as one of the important key risk factor for the severity of COVID-19 in both sexes and hence more clinical attention should be given to elderly age group.

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