Two studies are reported in which a scale measuring sex-role ideology was constructed, validated and cross-validated. Sex-role ideology was conceived as a system of sex-role beliefs forming a dimension with a traditional and a feminist pole. From an initial pool of 82 statements, 30 were selected that best discriminated between criterion groups of traditional and feminist women and that represented the heterogeneous content of sex roles. Half of the items are phrased in a feminist and half in a traditional direction. The scale was then cross-validated with new criterion groups. The internal consistency of the scale was shown through item-total correlations and split-half reliability (median r = .79). The test-retest reliability was .87.

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sex role deviance on the perception of psychopathology, and to correlate the size of this effect with measures of sex role ideology and gender stereotyping. The study employed a person perception rating task in which subjects evaluated written case histories of sex role deviant and sex role congruent male adolescents with emotional and behavioral problems. Male adolescents were judged to be more disturbed if their hobbies, career aspirations, and interests were deviant for their sex than if they were sex role congruent. The relationship between evaluative bias (i.e., the extent to which greater disturbance was perceived in sex role deviant than congruent stimulus persons) and measures of gender stereotyping and sex role ideology was also established. Gender stereotyping correlated significantly with bias, while sex role ideology was not significantly correlated. Similar bias effects were found for male and female subjects.

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