As nuclear energy industry develops, uranium plays an important role as the main raw material of nuclear reactor, but it inevitably produces more and more nuclear waste. MXenes are a promising material for the treatment of nuclear waste, but it remains a challenge to address the stacking and oxidability of materials for the treatment of nuclear waste. In this study, carboxyl groups were connected to the surface of Ti3C2Tx, which improved the interlayer distance and adsorption capacity for uranium of the material. Characterization methods including XRD, FT‐IR, BET, SEM and TG were used to analyze the material, which confirmed the successful synthesis of the materials. Under the conditions of pH 5.0, C0=80 mg L−1, T=308 K, the maximum adsorption quantity of C‐TC material for uranium reached 165.43 mg g−1. The adsorption reaction of uranium conformed to the quasi‐second‐order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model, belonged to chemical monolayer adsorption. This research provided an effective strategy for the modification of MXene nanosheets and a new option for the treatment of nuclear waste.

MXene, an emerging two‐dimensional nanomaterial, possessed large specific surface area good hydrophilicity and tunable interlayer spacing which had attracted the attention of scientists. However, MXene itself was very easy to stack. Here, we reported one MXene‐based composite, using Ti3C2 as a matrix, citric acid (CA) modifying alkalized Ti3C2 (Alk‐TC) were compounded to prepare citric acid‐alkalized Ti3C2 composite (CA‐Alk‐TC) which was used subsequently as an adsorbent for adsorbing basic red 46. The results of batch adsorption experience indicated that the adsorption kinetics conformed to the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model, and the adsorption thermodynamics corresponded to the Langmuir isotherm model. When the reaction condition was 60 min, 5 mg, pH 5, 140 mg/L, and 308 K, the Langmuir monolayer adsorption capacity of basic red 46 reached 230.95 mg/g.