Objective. In our study, we wanted to identify the number of existing deformities of the spine and posture in primary schoolers. Methods. The sample consisted of 311 healthy pupils aged 6-7. We used Klein, Thomas, and Mayer method to evaluate the posture. The spine curvature was evaluated by plumb line. Muscle imbalance was evaluated by standardized manual tests by Professor Janda. The results were evaluated by the basic population abundance and the use of the ANOVA program. We determined the level of statistical significance at p = 0.05. Results. The statistically significant occurrence of poor posture was found. Poor posture occurred in more than 50% of the pupils studied. Spine deformities in the sagittal plane have exceeded 30% (C = 37.94212%; Th = 32.15434%; L = 30.22508%). In the frontal plane deformities were present in 13.18328% of pupils. Spinae and postural disorders were accompanied by the muscle imbalance (muscle stiffness and weakness). Conclusion. Screening is a well-founded technique for the early detection of spinae and posture disorders. Based on the results of screening, professionals can take preventive measures. As in our research prevalence of spine deformities and poor posture in children was high, we recommend regular screening in clinical practice.

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During childhood, respectively in adolescence, the human physiological changes due to growth and development of physical and mental functions. There are many factors that affect the growth and development of the individual, and which are reflected in its physical structure.The aim of this study was to determine whether muscular imbalance were observed in the group of pupils in the first grade of elementary school. As methodology, we chose to examinate shortened and weakened muscles by Janda. Survey sample consisted of students of the first grade at two elementary schools in Ruzomberok. The survey was conducted in the years 2015 -2016, with the consent of parents, children and school head teachers. Students were divided into 4 groups, and we evaluated the incidence of faulty posture in pupils of first, second, third and fourth grade.Key words: primary school students, back pain, back excercises, posture INTRUDUCTIONThe most appropriate way to "fight" against the formation of bad posture and its complications is preventive -educational process. In our study we did a guide to school age -elementary school, when the foundations posture still shape, the muscles are elastic and formable, children love movement, which is a gro for the formation of correct posture and proper exercise habits and healthy life a style yet to acquire.As a precautionary -the educational activities of the project team staff composed of a doctor neurosurgeon, an orthopedic surgeon, a physiotherapist, a nurse and teaching staff have developed an assembly healthy exercise for children in elementary schools. Reports are prepared in accordan-