The eating habits of students differ significantly from those recommended by health practitioners. The aim of this study was to find differences related to diet quality and knowledge on nutrition among Polish, German, and Slovakian students as well as to examine which factors differentiate the diet quality of students from these three countries. The study was conducted on a group of 394 university students from Poland, Germany, and Slovakia. The assessment of diet quality and knowledge on food and nutrition was done with the use of the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire. The diet of German students was characterized by a significantly higher consumption of legume-based foods, vegetables, and fruit compared to Polish students and Slovakian participants (p < 0.001). The diet of the Poles was characterized by a high consumption of cured meat, smoked sausages, hot dogs, white bread and bakery products, butter, fried foods, and energy drinks. The most important factors significantly associated with diet quality involved the country, place of residence, Body Mass Index (BMI), physical activity, and time spent watching TV or using a computer. Polish students were characterized by the highest level of knowledge on food and nutrition (p < 0.001). However, it was not reflected in their diet. The authorities of universities should aim to provide students with access to canteens on campuses which would offer the possibility of consumption of both affordable and healthy meals.

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Moderná medicína dosahuje zásadné pokroky v prevencii a liečbe kardiovaskulárnych ochorení. Opakujúce sa hospitalizácie, zhoršujúci sa funkčný stav a refraktérne príznaky, napriek optimálnym terapiám, patria medzi najvýraznejšie prediktory, ktoré naznačujú, že pacienti s pokročilým srdcovým zlyhaním sa blížia ku koncu života. cieľ: Cieľom príspevku bolo na základe prehľadovej štúdie poukázať na benefity paliatívnej starostlivosti u pacientov s chronickým zlyhaním srdca. Metodika: Príspevok má charakter prehľadovej štúdie s cieľom interpretovať publikované súvislosti o paliatívnej starostlivosti v kardiológii. Výskumné štúdie boli vyhľadávané v elektronických databázach PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect a Web of Science za obdobie rokov 2010-2021. výsledky: V databázach sme vyhľadali 191 potenciálne relevantných štúdií : PubMed n = 30, Scopus n = 9, ScienceDirect n = 136, Web of Science n = 16. Do finálnej analýzy zaradili 9 štúdií, ktoré hodnotili účinnosť intervencií paliatívnej starostlivosti s časovým odstupom max. 6 mesiacov. Štúdie založené na dôkazoch potvrdili, že prístup paliatívnej starostlivosti v kardiológii môže zmierniť utrpenie a zlepšiť kvalitu života pacientov so srdcovým zlyhaním. záver: Paliatívna starostlivosť je špecializovaná forma medicínskej starostlivosti, ktorá preukázala, že pomáha zlepšovať závažnosť symptómov, uľahčuje diskusie o plánovaní predbežnej starostlivosti v kardiológii a poskytuje podporu pacientom a ich rodinám. kľúčové slová paliatívna starostlivosť, chronické zlyhanie srdca, pacient, kvalita života

Objectives: Nutrition is an important part of non-pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the elderly and geriatric patients. It is also one of the important areas of primary prevention. The aim of the paper is to point out its benefits in the treatment of diseases and geriatric syndromes. Present the most common ways of application of nutrition in health and social care facilities. Point out the role of the nurse in assessing the nutritional status of the senior and its administration. To find out the possibilities of cooperation with other team members in institutional health and social care facilities. Material and methods: We used methodological triangulation and a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to collect data. A nonstandardized questionnaire was first administered. After its evaluation, we carried out a narrative review and a semi-structured interview. We used descriptive, inductive statistics and comparison to process the results. The research set for the questionnaire consisted of nurses working in institutional health and social care facilities. The total number was 226. 24 nurses took part in the semi-structured interview. The last file was electronic and printed documents. Results: Analyzing the data, we found that nurses consider nutrition to be an important part of non-pharmacological treatment of the elderly. The most common interventions included the administration of food orally and, in the case of indication, also enterally. The nurses obtain data on the nutritional history of the senior and carry out education. More often, education is implemented in social services facilities. The results of the interview and narrative review showed that nutrition is important in the treatment of geriatric syndromes, but also acute diseases and reduces the risk of complications after surgery. Conclusion: Through research, we have pointed out current nutrition strategies, which are important to adhere to, especially in community care for the elderly. Good nutritional status reduces the risk of complications of chronic diseases and also affects the quality of life of seniors.