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ABSTRACT:In the study are presented results of experiments using bio-technological agents Amalgerol, Bio-Algeen G-40 and BIOSTRONG 510 in intensive pig, poultry breeding and cattle slurry treatment for ammonia emissions reduction. The measuring was conducted, suggested and verified by continual method through the measuring station ASECO and instrument 1312 Photoacoustic Multi-gas Monitor of firm INNOVA Air Tech Instruments. The reached results confirm unambiguously possibility to reduce ammonia emissions from farm animals breeding. ; CO 2 ± 3.4 mg/m 3 ; COMMETER 03121, temperature ± 0.21°C; humidity ± 1.8%. Keywords Method with utilisation of photo-acoustic spectroscopy (FAS)For measuring of ammonia concentration will be used the device 1312 Photo-acoustic Multi-gas Monitor of firm INNOVA Air Tech Instruments with multi-channel sampling and portioning system 1309.The principle of measurement is based on absorption of infrared light passing through the sample of gas. The photo-acoustic method measures directly the amount of absorbed light energy by measuring the acoustic energy radiated by the gas molecule before this has absorbed the light. The measured signal evaluation is conducted by means of appropriate software, processed and recorded. The apparatus enables to measure simultaneously in one site up to 5 gases and water vapour.At the end of 2003 this method was approved by the Czech Inspection for Environment and by Ministry of Environment of the Czech Republic for authorised measuring of ammonia emissions. The withdrawing sites layoutThe withdrawing site layout has a significant effect on objectivity of measured values. In prevailing amount of new or modernised stables for pigs and poultry breeding is used the forced ventilation. For measuring of ammonia concentration with respect to environment loading we choose the withdrawing site as close as possible to the output fans or slots in dependence on type of ventilation (negative pressure or positive pressure), where ammonia concentration in stable is highest, but not just in the flow of the drawn off air.For measuring and analysis of quantities is necessary to distribute measuring to some sites.The withdrawal sites in stable are placed:In zone of animals, i.e. in part of stable reserved between floor and height of staying animal or cage ceiling;In zone of operators, i. e. in part of stable determined for motion of operators providing basic maintenance of technology, poultry, treatment, veterinary control etc. Measuring is conducted in the respiration zone of standing man.In zone of ventilation, i.e. in space where ammonia emissions leave into atmosphere. Mostly it concerns measuring on drawing off ventilators. Measuring is significant for determination and verification of emission factor in framework of emission amount announcement into integrated register of pollution. METHOD OF MEASURED RESULTS EVALUATION AND CALCULATION RELATIONS Calculation of pollutant concentrationFor calculations are used relating conditions, when humidity, temperature and static press...

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The effect of graded doses of ash from biomass wood chips and straw admixture combustion on compost properties was investigated through a set of large-scale experiments. In a compost plant, matured organic composts were prepared from raw organic mixtures based on biodegradable waste, separated digestate, straw, and biomass ash admixture of 0, 3, 6, and 9 wt. %. Final composts, as well as individual components, were analyzed for basic physical and chemical properties, total and available nutrients, and potentially hazardous elements. Biomass ash addition increased the total nutrient content (P, K, Mg, Ca, and S) in the studied composts. The highest ash addition (9 wt. %) increased the nutrient content as follows: Ca (2.6×), Mg (1.6×), K (1.5×), P (1.2×), S (1.3×). However, the availability of some nutrients (especially P, K, and Mg) for plant nutrition was reduced by the increasing amount of ash admixture. Even at the highest dosage of biomass ash addition, desirable chemical (nutrient content) and physical properties of composts (especially dry bulk density) were both obtained. The content of hazardous elements was below the legal limit values in all studied composts.

Souček J., Pražan R., Roy A., Plíva P., Jelínek A., Vegricht J. (2017) This article deals with comparison of composts and manure use from the viewpoint of handling, transport and application on agricultural land. The published values were established by measurements under working conditions and afterwards converted on the basis of the content of nutrients defined in laboratory. Compost contained a greater share of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and had higher dry matter content and lower volume weight. Direct consumed energy expressed by recalculation of the consumed diesel fuel in case of composts moved from 5.12 MJ/kg (potassium) up to 16.19 MJ/kg (phosphorus). In case of manure it was higher and moved from 10.49 MJ/kg (nitrogen) up to 29.79 MJ/kg (phosphorus). The greatest share in energy consumption occupies transport, which was considered uniformly at the distance of 5 km. The study confirmed the feasibility of use of compost in agriculture as a partial substitute of conventional organic fertilizers; for its handling, transport and application the standard mechanization used for manure may be utilized.