The rhizomorphic European species of Antrodia, belonging to the traditionally called Antrodia radiculosa group, are investigated. On the basis of morphological and molecular analysis, the genus Fibroporia is supported. Specimens from Central Europe previously ascribed to Antrodia radiculosa constitute a species of their own, and are herein described as Fibroporia bohemica. Moreover, a new combination, Fibroporia citrina, is proposed.

The Phellinus igniarius group comprises several closely related wood-decaying basidiomycetes with poroid hymenophores that are sometimes difficult to identify on a morphological basis. The delimitation of pileate species belonging to the group was the subject of ITS (internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA) and tefa (translation elongation factor 1 alpha) DNA sequence analyses applied to specimens from central and northern Europe. The results confirmed the distinctiveness of P. alni, P. igniarius, P. lundellii, P. nigricans, P. populicola, P. tremulae, and P. tuberculosus in Europe. The specimens of the previously distinguished species P. cinereus were found to be identical with either P. nigricans or P. alni. Thus, Phellinus cinereus does not follow the species criteria of phylogenetic species recognition. In addition, a recently described species, P. neolundellii, was grouped within the P. alni clade. The ITS and tefa analyses produced a different topology for P. populicola and P. igniarius. P. alni had the largest spectrum of hosts, including woody plants from nine families, and records on Aesculus hippocastanum and Ulmus glabra are reported for the first time. P. igniarius s.s. has been collected not only on Salix spp. as expected but also, though rarely, on Populus nigra, and it has been observed once on Malus domestica. The host specificity of the remaining species resembles previous data. An additional analysis of basidiospore dimensions did not reveal any differences between P. alni and P. igniarius, but both are distinguishable from those of P. nigricans.

A new polypore species, Antrodiella niemelaei Vampola et Vlasák, occurring on dead fruitbodies of Pseudochaete tabacina, is described. In Europe, the species has to date been identified as Antrodiella americana. The most important macro-and microscopic features of the two species are discussed and molecular characteristics are provided.

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The new polypore Rigidoporus pouzarii Vampola et Vlasák is described, occurring in alluvial forests, forming annual resupinate fruitbodies on lying dead stems of hardwoods, mostly Alnus species. In Europe, the species has been probably misidentified as R. crocatus, a closely related species differing by perennial, multi-layered fruitbodies and occurrence in old-growth mountain forests, preferentially on logs of Abies alba. Diagnostic features of both species are discussed and DNA sequences are also added. The name is dedicated to Zdeněk Pouzar, distinguished Czech mycologist, expert in alluvial forest fungi and our excellent teacher, on the occasion of his 80th birthday.