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This paper presents a physical model of the properties of polycrystalline ferrites below magnetic saturation, a common condition in many applications of ferrites in microwave devices. The properties are mainly characterized through the elements of the effective permeability tensor as functions of magnetization state, anisotropy field, and frequency. Partially magnetized states are characterized by a suitable distribution of magnetic domains over orientations. The magnetic domain shapes studied were cylinders and spheres. Homogeneity of the medium is obtained in the effective medium approximation, which allows us to treat heterogeneous magnetic materials as a function of the volume fraction of nonmagnetic matter present in the material. The model gives all the components of the permeability tensor in a single calculation phase. The paper presents results for different partially magnetized states at remanence (with no external field applied) and compares them with empirical formulations of permeability tensor components, in their domain of validity.

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