In Africa, HIV-1-infected children develop disease manifestations early in life. Specific clinical findings are predictive of HIV-1 disease, AIDS stage, and death. Bimodal expression of HIV-1 pediatric disease is encountered in Africa, as in industrialized countries, but prognosis is poorer. human immunodeficiency virus infection, children, vertical transmission, natural history, Africa.

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: Maternal HAART while breastfeeding could be a promising alternative strategy in resource-limited countries.

In this study HIV-infected children were more frequently stunted (low height-for-age) than uninfected ones. Wasting (low weight-for-height) was not common among HIV-infected children.