Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly prescribed medications for esophagitis and upper gastrointestinal erosion and ulceration in cats. Newer PPIs such as lansoprazole and esomeprazole are believed to be effective in cats, but the effect of many of these PPIs on gastric pH in cats has not been explored. Hypothesis/Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of PO esomeprazole, dexlansoprazole, and lansoprazole on intragastric pH in healthy cats. We hypothesized that esomeprazole and lansoprazole would provide superior acid suppression compared to dexlansoprazole and reach pH goals extrapolated from people for the treatment of esophagitis and duodenal ulceration. Animals: Twelve healthy research cats. Methods: Randomized, 3-way crossover study. Cats were given esomeprazole and lansoprazole at a dosage of 1 mg/kg PO q12h or dexlansoprazole at 6 mg/kg PO q12h. Intragastric pH was recorded at baseline and for 4 days of treatment. Mean pH and the mean percentage time (MPT) intragastric pH was ≥3 or ≥4 were compared among and within treatment groups. Results: Cats treated with lansoprazole had a lower MPT ± SD of intragastric pH ≥3 (8.8 ± 6.8%) and mean ± SD pH (1.6 ± 0.5) than did cats treated with dexlansoprazole (41.2 ± 34.6% and 3.11 ± 1.6, respectively) or esomeprazole (54 ± 33.8% and 4.1 ± 3.9, respectively;P ≤ .04). Esomeprazole was the only treatment that achieved the goals defined for people for the treatment of duodenal ulceration by Day 4 of treatment (MPT ± SD of intragastric pH ≥4 of 77.1 ± 29.2%).

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Significance: Fluorocoxib D, N-[(rhodamin-X-yl)but-4-yl]-2-[1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl]acetamide, is a water-soluble optical imaging agent to detect cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)-expressing cancer cells. Aim: We evaluated the pharmacokinetic and safety properties of fluorocoxib D and its ability to detect cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Approach: Pharmacokinetic parameters of fluorocoxib D were assessed from plasma collected at designated time points after intravenous administration of 1 mg∕kg fluorocoxib D in six research dogs using a high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. Safety of fluorocoxib D was assessed for 3 days after its administration using physical assessment, complete blood count, serum chemistry profile, and complete urinalysis in six research dogs. The ability of fluorocoxib D to detect COX-2-expressing cancer cells was performed using human 5637 cells in vitro and during rhinoscopy evaluation of specific fluorocoxib D uptake by canine cancer cells in vivo. Results: No evidence of toxicity and no clinically relevant adverse events were noted in dogs. Peak concentration of fluorocoxib D (114.8 AE 50.5 ng∕ml) was detected in plasma collected at 0.5 h after its administration. Pretreatment of celecoxib blocked specific uptake of fluorocoxib D in COX-2-expressing human 5637 cancer cells. Fluorocoxib D uptake was detected in histologyconfirmed COX-2-expressing head and neck cancer during rhinoscopy in a client-owned dog in vivo. Specific tumor-to-normal tissue ratio of detected fluorocoxib D signal was in an average of 3.7 AE 0.9 using Image J analysis. Conclusions: Our results suggest that fluorocoxib D is a safe optical imaging agent used for detection of COX-2-expressing cancers and their margins during image-guided minimally invasive biopsy and surgical procedures.

A B C Figure 1. Fine-needle aspirate of a mid-ventral mesenteric mass in a dog. (A) 109, (B) 409, and (C) 609 objective lenses.Please contact the editor if you have historical or other notes of interest you would like to contribute to this feature. Items will be published at the discretion of the editor.