Purpose To investigate associations between computed tomography (CT) features of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and mutations in VHL, PBRM1, SETD2, KDM5C or BAP1 genes. Materials and Methods The institutional review board approved this retrospective, hypotheses-generating study of 233 patients with ccRCC and waived the informed consent requirement. The study was HIPAA compliant. Three radiologists independently reviewed pre-treatment CT images of all ccRCC without knowledge of their genomic profile. One radiologist measured largest diameter and enhancement parameters of each ccRCC. Associations between CT features and mutations in VHL, PBRM1, SETD2, KDM5C and BAP1 genes were tested using Fisher’s exact tests. Associations between mutations and size/enhancement were assessed using independent t-tests. Interreader agreements were calculated using Fleiss’ Kappa. Results Mutation frequencies among ccRCC were: VHL, 53.2% (124/233); PBRM1, 28.8% (67/233); SETD2, 7.3% (17/233); KDM5C, 6.9% (16/233); BAP1, 6% (14/233). Mutations of VHL were significantly associated with well-defined tumor margins (p=0.013), nodular tumor enhancement (p=0.021) and gross appearance of intratumoral vascularity (p=0.018). Mutations of KDM5C and BAP1 were significantly associated with evidence of renal vein invasion (p=0.022 and 0.046, respectively). The genotype of solid ccRCC differed significantly from the one of multicystic ccRCC. While mutations of SETD2, KDM5C and BAP1 were absent in multicystic ccRCC, mutations of VHL (p=0.016) and PBRM1 (p=0.017) were significantly more common among solid ccRCC. Interreader agreements for CT feature assessments ranged from substantial to excellent (κ=0.791–0.912). Conclusion This preliminary Radiogenomics analysis of ccRCC revealed associations between CT features and underlying mutations which warrant further investigation and validation.

CTA is the most accurate technique for evaluating carotid stenoses, with a slightly better performance than MRA (97% vs. 95% for SS MRA and 92% for FP MRA) and a greater accuracy than CDUS (97% vs. 76%). Blood-pool contrast-enhanced SS sequences offer improved evaluation of degree of stenosis and plaque morphology with accuracy substantially identical to CTA.

The purpose of this article is to illustrate the imaging findings of lesions that present as cyst with a mural nodule tumor (CMNT). CMNT is a subtype pattern of intra-axial enhancement in central nervous system tumors, typical of a variety of brain neoplasms, including, as the most common, hemangioblastoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, ganglioglioma and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma and as less common tanycytic ependymoma, intraparenchymal schwannoma, desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma and cystic metastasis. A retrospective design was chosen given the rarity of CMNT. Relevant cases were obtained retrospectively to review the different lesions that can present with the appearance of CMNT.

MR imaging and 64-MDCT accuracy levels did not differ in advanced stages of disease, whereas MR imaging was superior in identifying early stages of gastric cancer and can be considered a valid alternative to MDCT in clinical practice.

The cerebral WML volume and the total volume of the plaque are correlated. The amount of fat within the plaque is an additional risk factor, whereas the calcified component seems to be protective.