ResumenDurante las últimas décadas ha existido un gran interés en el estudio de la dislexia y de las dificultades que los alumnos con dislexia presentaban en la lectura. Fruto de los distintos estudios, se ha constatado la dislexia como un trastorno complejo con una génesis multifactorial en la que predominan dificultades a nivel fonológico, neuropsicológico y en otros aprendizajes, entre los que se encuentra la adquisición de un segundo idioma. En la actualidad, en la sociedad globalizada en la cual vivimos, el dominio de idiomas resulta fundamental, especialmente el inglés, dado que es la lengua internacional por excelencia, y tiene diversas utilidades tanto dentro como fuera de España.Por todo ello, la importancia y novedad del presente trabajo, radica en el desarrollo de un programa neuropsicológico preventivo para atender de forma general los procesos cognitivos y neuropsicológicos comprometidos en el alumnado con dislexia, y de forma específica, en la propuesta de un programa para favorecer el aprendizaje del inglés como segundo idioma, que proporcione al profesorado de inglés orientaciones, métodos, actividades y materiales con el objetivo de contribuir a la mejora de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje del alumnado con dislexia.Palabras Clave: dislexia, lectura, inglés, diagnóstico, neuropsicología, aprendizaje.Programa neuropsicológico de aprendizaje del inglés para alumnos con dislexia AbstractIn recent decades there has been great interest in the study of dyslexia and the difficulties that students with dyslexia presented in reading. The result of the various studies have found dyslexia as a complex disorder with a multifactorial genesis in the predominantly phonological difficulties, neuropsychological and other learning, among which is the acquisition of a second language level. At present, due to the global society in which we live, the language skills is essential, especially English, as is the international language par excellence, and has various uses both inside and outside of Spain. Therefore, the importance and novelty of this work lies in the development of a preventive neuropsychological program to address generally the cognitive and neuropsychological processes involved in students with dyslexia, and specifically, the proposal of a program to promote learning English as a second language teachers to provide English guidance, methods, activities and materials in order to contribute to improving the teaching and learning of students with dyslexia. Procesos cognitivos y neuropsicológicosActividades para el 1º tramo de Primaria: Unit "The family" Procesos motoresActividad tipo 1: We learn routines!! ▪ Realización de órdenes sencillas: Stand up! Sit down! Touch your friend! Y complejas: Touch D's nose! Who is wearing blue today? How many blue colours have you got?▪ Los alumnos pueden aprender gestos con las manos para ayudar a memorizar la definición de un sustantivo, adjetivo u otra categoría. Procesos visualesActividad tipo 2: Listen, circle and write the number.▪ Con esta actividad favore...
Dyslexia is a problem of increasing prevalence in school-age students. The latest experiences in the application of neuropsychology to education are interesting because they allow for the evaluation of different neuropsychological variables to obtain a better understanding of the learning processes of students in this population for specific subsequent interventions. The purpose of this study was to explore the following neuropsychological variables related to reading in adolescent students with and without dyslexia. The sample consisted of 60 students between 13 and 15 years of age, 30 with dyslexia and 30 without. The King Devick test was used to assess the saccadic eye movements, specifically the fast and automated denomination of digits; the Harris laterality test was used to evaluate functional laterality, and the ENFEN test for executive functions. The results revealed significant differences between the two groups. Students with dyslexia scored lower on the three neuropsychological skills assessed. These findings suggest that students with dyslexia may manifest poorer performance in those neuropsychological skills that are key to reader development.
Introduction: Technology and Neuroscience have formed a strong collaboration to improve education. The effective use of information and communication technologies (ict) in education practice requires that both students and teachers maintain a positive attitude towards these technologies, and develop their use in educational contexts to update teaching methodologies based on educational neuroscience and neuropsychology. Thus, the use of ict requires a positive attitude when using these tools during the teaching-learning process, as a starting point to improve the quality of the process. The article was written in the year 2016 in the faculty of Education of the Universidad Internancional de la Rioja. Methodology: The aim of this study is to analyze the student´s attitudes towards the use of new technologies in primary school classrooms. We designed a questionnaire and gave it to 1,770 students aged 11 and 12 years from 50 ceip (Infant and Primary schools). Results: In general, the results show that whilst students of 11 and 12 years do not show a rejection of the use of ict, a low percentage demonstrate that they would prefer to use them in a group. Conclusions: An adequate use of ict in the classroom would depend on the predisposition of the students, and the knowledge of the technologies and their use by teachers and students. Therefore, it is recommended for ict to be implemented in the classroom in order to improve the teaching-learning process and to incorporate new methodologies from neuroscience research.
Resumen: La neuropsicología aplicada a la educación muestra nuevos procedimientos y metodologías innovadoras para mejorar los procesos de aprendizaje, la vida afectiva-emocional y la conducta de los alumnos en edad escolar. Luria (1973, 1983), explica el la estructura y el funcionamiento cerebral mediante tres bloques que sirven de fundamentación y modelo en los procesos de atención y motivación en el bloque uno; en los procesos de procesamiento de la información en las áreas sensoriales y asociativas en el bloque dos y en los procesos superiores de pensamiento y ejecutivas en el bloque tres. Además, la investigación cerebral actual, refleja la conectividad cerebral para los procesos cognitivos (Glesser et al, 2016) y sirve de orientación para identificar las causas de las dificultades de aprendizaje y los procedimientos que programas que se pueden aplicar. En este sentido, se muestran experiencias e investigaciones de la aplicación de la neuropsicología en el ámbito educativo (Martin-Lobo, 2016) que proporcionan nuevas líneas de investigación, innovación y de desarrollo de instrumentos y programas de neuropsicología educativa.
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