A total of 22 motile Aeromonas strains were detected in 48 (18.53%) of 259 fish and 6 (10.71%) of 56 water samples obtained from seven commercial rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) farms in the province of Mersin, Turkey. These strains were identified by conventional microbiological techniques and by using an ID32GN system. Of these isolates 20 (91.3%) were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila and 2 (8.7%) as Aeromonas sobria. While 8 of the A. hydrophila strains were isolated from water samples, 12 isolates were from fish samples. Whereas A. hydrophila strains were found in all farms, A. sobria was detected in only two farms. Genetic diversity by arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR) and antimicrobial sensitivity tests were carried out on eight A. hydrophila isolates obtained from water samples, and isolates from seven A. hydrophila and one A. sobria from fish samples. The AP-PCR band patterns of motile aeromonads demonstrated weak similarity to the A. hydrophila reference strain ATCC 7966. Five A. hydrophila strains in the water samples displayed genetic similarity, but three others were different. Aeromonas hydrophila isolates from fish samples possessed slight similarities, and A. sobria was genetically distant to all A. hydrophila strains. An antimicrobial sensitivity test of 16 isolates revealed that 100% were sensitive to gentamicin, 87.5% to sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim, 62.5% to enrofloxacin, 43.8% to oxytetracycline, 37.5% to neomycin, 18.75% to streptomycin and 6.25% to erythromycin. All isolates were resistant to novobiocin.