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Objectives: to present the main evidence, recommendations and challenges for maternal and child health in the context of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: narrative review of national and international documents and reflections on the theme. Results: the coexistence ofpregnancy/puerperium and COVID-19 infection establishes many challenges. It is extremely important that the conduct should be individually adopted, covering all aspects of health in the mother-child binomial, estimating risks and benefits of each decision. Until now, it is recognized that natural childbirth should be encouraged and breastfeeding maintained, if adequate hygienic-sanitary care is ensured. Cesarean delivery and the isolation and separation of the mother-child contact without breastfeeding, will only be eligible when the clinical status of the mother or child is critical. The child must be included in all stages of health care, as this commonly asymptomatic group plays an important role in the family's transmissibility of the disease. Routine immunization should be provided, as well as clinical assistance when necessary, and families must be assisted in favor of their well-being. Conclusion: at the moment, it is not possible to measure the consequences of this new pandemic on maternal and child health, demanding attention to its evolution and new evidences about the implications in mother and child care.

Childhood hypertension is becoming more common with the increasing numbers of child obesity, which has encouraged new studies to identify a good anthropometric marker for high blood pressure levels. The objective this study was to identify the best anthropometric predictor of risk of hypertension in children between 8-10 years of age. The Children were evaluated for socioeconomic status and their blood pressure (BP), weight, height, waist circumference (WC) and percentage of body fat (PBF) were measured. The study included 445 children, of which 50.1% were females. The prevalence of obesity defined by body mass index (BMI) was 14.6%. Increased BP was found in 3.4% and 2.2% of the children, considering the pre-hypertension and hypertension classifications respectively. The arithmetic mean of BP value correlated significantly with BMI, WC and PBF. After height control, the correlations that were maintained significant were between WC and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and between WC and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The variable with the highest predictive power of the occurrence of hypertension was WC. The results indicate that, in this population of children between 8 and 10 years old, WC is a measurement of higher value in predicting increased BP.

This study investigated the a-and b-carotene content and provitamin A value of four leafy vegetables sold at local and street markets in Viçosa, MG, Brazil, in the spring and winter of 2002. Carotenoids were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. a-Carotene was detected in all samples sold during spring, but was only present in a few samples of smooth and curly lettuce and kale in winter. b-Carotene was found in marked quantities in all leafy vegetables analyzed. Duncan's test (α = 5%) showed significantly higher a-carotene content in curly lettuce and vitamin A value in large-leaved watercress in the spring. Mean b-carotene content and vitamin A value were 7544, 8751, 2584, 2792, 8193, and 5338 mg/100 g and 666, 760, 227, 238, 698, and 460 mg RAE/100 g in large-leaved and hydroponic watercress, smooth and curly lettuce, kale and spinach, respectively. All leafy vegetables analyzed represent important sources of provitamin A and supply an important part of the daily requirements of children and adults.Uniterms: a-Carotene. b-Carotene. Leafy vegetables/analysis. Provitamin A.Investigou-se o conteúdo de a e b-caroteno e avaliou-se o valor pro-vitamínico A de quatro hortaliças folhosas comercializadas em mercados locais e feira-livre de Viçosa, MG durante a primavera e o inverno de 2002. Os carotenóides foram analisados por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE). O a-caroteno foi detectado em todas as amostras analisadas na primavera, porém no inverno, somente algumas amostras de alface crespa e lisa, e couve apresentaram tal carotenóide. O b-caroteno foi encontrado, em quantidades apreciáveis, em todas as hortaliças folhosas analisadas. O teste de Duncan (α=5%) detectou que o conteúdo de a-caroteno em alface crespa e o valor de vitamina A em agrião de folha larga foram estatisticamente superiores na primavera. Os teores médios de b-caroteno e de valor de vitamina A para agrião de folha larga e hidropônico, alface crespa e lisa, couve e espinafre foram: 7544; 8751; 2584; 2792; 8193; 5338 mg/100g e 666; 760; 227; 238; 698; 460 mg RAE/100g, respectivamente. Todas as hortaliças folhosas analisadas constituem importantes fontes de provitamina A e suprem grande parte das recomendações diárias de crianças e adultos.Unitermos: a-caroteno. b-caroteno. Hortaliças folhosas/análise. Pró-vitamina A. INTRODUCTIONDark green leafy vegetables are good sources of minerals and vitamins (Raju et al., 2007), and are important because they are rich in provitamin A carotenoids (Graebner et al., 2004;Zanutto, Jordão, Vannucchi, 2003). Since humans are unable to synthesize carotenoids, they exclusively depend on dietary intake as a source of these micronutrients (Barbosa-Filho et al., 2008). Carotenoids have raised continued interest because of studies demonstrating their role in the prevention of certain types of cancer, such as lung, breast, oral cavity, colon and rectal cancer (Barbosa-Filho et al., 2008;Melendez-Martinez, Vicario, Heredia, 2004;Silva, Naves, 2001;Fontana et al., 2000;Olson, 1999;Cozzi et al., ...

Este estudo objetivou analisar indicadores de saúde e nutrição em crianças menores de 2 anos de idade assistidas na atenção básica de Governador Valadares - Minas Gerais, para subsidiar a implantação da Estratégia Amamenta e Alimenta Brasil (EAAB). Para o levantamento dos indicadores, utilizou-se o SISVAN–Web, de domínio público. A prática do aleitamento materno e da alimentação complementar de 301 crianças com menos de 6 meses de idade, e de 1.064 crianças entre 6 e 24 meses foram analisadas a partir dos dados do formulário de marcadores de consumo alimentar do SISVAN. Para o estado nutricional, analisaram-se 4.450 crianças menores de 2 anos, segundo o protocolo de avaliação antropométrica do SISVAN. A prática do aleitamento materno exclusivo correspondeu a um terço das crianças de 0-6 meses. A introdução de alimentos ocorreu entre 6-8 meses em um quinto das crianças. Nas crianças com idade de 6 a 24 meses, o aleitamento materno continuado foi de 54% e o consumo de alimentos ricos em ferro foi 21%; bebidas adoçadas foi 41%; de biscoito recheado e doces, 35%; de macarrão instantâneo e salgadinhos de pacote, 34%. A maioria das crianças menores de 2 anos se encontravam eutróficas, contudo, o risco de sobrepeso foi verificado em um terço delas, e a altura muito baixa em aproximadamente um quinto delas. Conclui-se que o cenário atual subsidia esforços para a implantação da EAAB no município, uma vez que foram encontrados valores insatisfatórios e preocupantes de prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo em menores de 6 meses e de aleitamento continuado entre 6-24 meses.DOI: 10.12957/demetra.2019.43464