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Music has occupied our day-to-day life; as it is readily available, accessible and further technological advancement has made access to music a common norm. Music has been present since the very early part of human evolution and has helped in forming society and civilizations. It has served various purposes like social cohesion, emotional expressions, interpersonal communication as well as recreation. Due to its great bonding power; it is important in terms of social dynamics. Music therapy is convenient, inexpensive and user-controlled and seems to be influencing the physiological system positively if rightly used. Vast research is going on to find the right music that could be having a beneficial therapeutic effect. Music seems to affect the pain perception, modulation and also has the affective component to help positively in controlling the pain. This chapter is an attempt to evaluate the various pain modulating effects of music through a systematic music therapy intervention using the vast research work done in this field. This review is consistent to integrate the best scientific evidence for pain relief into practice, education, and research. Music being a non-pharmacologic, nontoxic intervention and is free from adverse effects and also is an inexpensive, low cost modality.

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Sickle cell disease is an autosomal dominant haemoglobinopathy in which an abnormal form of hemoglobin (hemoglobin S) polymerizes under low oxygen saturation and alters normal spherical shaped RBCs into sickle shape. In India, sickle cell disease is prevalent in central and southern states like Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Maharashtra, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. In various districts like Korba, Kanker, Rajnandgaon, Durg, Bilaspur, Raipur, Dantewada, Bastar, Mahasumund, Dhamtari, Kawardha and Jangjir-Champa of Chhattisgarh, frequency of sickle cell disease are approximately 10%. Screening results suggest that the prevalence of homozygous sickle cell disease was 2.1% and that of heterozygous sickle cell disease was 10% among different tribes. Prevalence rate among schedule tribe was 43.0%, schedule caste was 18.26% and 35.3% among OBC group with the majority of cases reported in Agharia, Kurmi, Teli and Panika castes. Common oral findings of dental hypoplasia, delayed eruption, mucosal pallor, and radiographic changes are noticed in this disease. This paper aims to describe etiology, prevelance of sickle cell disease in chhattisgarh region and the role of dental surgeon for the management of such patients.