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The description of Kilaasa dates back 3,518 years ago. It is mentioned in Vedic texts like Atharva-veda (1500 BC) and Manu-smriti (1250 BC -1000 BC). Etiopathology, symptoms and management of this disease is mentioned in all major samhitas, manusmriti, Atharva-veda, dermatology textbooks. It is a non-contagious skin disease characterized by whitish patches on the body. Shirt, Darun and Aruna are its synonyms. Incompatible diet, excessive sun exposure and inapt social behaviour are mentioned as causes of Kilaasa in ayurveda literature. However, exact cause of Kilaasa remains un-known until date. In this disease, aggravated three doshas (bodily humors) vitiate rakta, maamsa and meda dhatu of the affected skin. Three sub-types of Kilaasa are based on colour of the patch. Shodhana and shamana are principal treatments of Kilaasa. Under the shodhana therapy, three processes are described for this disease. Vamana(emesis) and virechana karma are mentioned in all three samhita of brahatatrayi while Raktamokshana has been advocated in Astang Hradya only. Ayurvedic etiology, pathology and treatment of the Kilaasa are similar of the maha kushtha and kshudra-kushtha. The symptoms are similar to the Vitiligo described in the modern text.

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Obesity is one of the santarapanajanya vyadhi, originated as a result of deteriorated life style which includes sedentary daily routine and junk food habits. It occurs when the consumption of calories becomes more than its expenditure. It serves as an etiological factor for many diseases. It has reached to the epidemic proportion, affecting majority of the urban population. Obesity can be estimated by various scales among which Body Mass Index (BMI) and skin fold measurements are most common. Obesity is indirectly proportional to Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR). BMR is the amount of energy required to do the involuntary work of the body which is around 47 calories per hour per square meter of body surface in males and 37 in females, but may vary with temperature as a rise in 1o F of body temperature may lead to an average increase of 7% of BMR1.  Prior to the management of this disorder, it is obligatory to reach to its roots. Ancient scholars tried to elaborate the causes, pathology, types, complications and management of obesity in their own way, and this description is scattered here and there. The present article will try to assemble these references, and find out a common conclusion.

Contemporary science is a bridge between Ayurveda and modern science that enlightened the old concepts and familiar to the scientific community. It has been broadly accepted in the scientific community that the physiological functions of the body is influenced by Shatchakra. The literature review of this article explain that Intercellular gap junction or nexuses regulate physiological mechanism underlying subtle energy systems. Furthermore, electrical conduction associated with gap junctions could generate phenomena which, have the radiant qualities attributed to Chakra. This study aims to critically analyze and explore the concept of Shadchakras anatomy with its radiological evidence to prove and understand its therapeutic potential in light of contemporary science language. For this review, we had collected information from Ayurveda and modern literature on the subject of Shadchakras. Scientific pieces of evidence provide prove about Shadchakras existence with anatomical correlation and physiologically as a part of Sukshma Sharir which can affect our body and mind as well and maintain quality of life.