INTRODUCTION: Thyroid disorders are most common endocrine disorders seen worldwide, next to pancreatic disorders. They exhibit wide range of morphological patterns with few challenges, which explains the great interest of pathologists in these lesions. AIM: To evaluate the histopathological spectrum of lesions in thyroidectomy specimens. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital for a period of 3 years. All thyroidectomy specimens received in the department of pathology were studied by routine parafn processing and haematoxylin & eosin staining. Diseases were classied into various non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions based on histomorphology. RESULTS: Total 71 specimens were included in the study. Highest incidence was observed in 5th decade and showed female predominance (87.32%). Non-neoplastic lesions accounted for 53 cases (74.64%) and neoplastic lesions constituted 18 cases (25.36%). The commonest non-neoplastic lesion was multinodular goitre and commonest neoplastic lesion was papillary thyroid carcinoma. However, we faced few challenges in reporting both non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. CONCLUSION: In our study thyroid diseases showed a denite female predominance, most of them occurring in 5th decade. Non-neoplastic lesions predominated over neoplastic lesions. Among the neoplastic, malignant lesions outnumbered the benign ones, major constituent being papillary thyroid carcinoma.