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Early enteral feeding through NG was not inferior to NJ in patients with SAP. Infectious complications were within the noninferiority limit. Pain in refeeding, intestinal permeability, and endotoxemia were comparable in both groups.

Products of lipid peroxidation are significantly increased among patients with NAFLD as compared with chronic viral hepatitis or healthy controls. Larger studies and newer markers of oxidative stress are required to clarify the association between oxidative stress and histological severity in NAFLD.

Firms in various markets such as health care, financial services, software, consumer goods etc. spend significant amount of money on corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. The literature suggests ns and this either increases their purchase intention products and services. Unfortunately, notwithstanding its strategic benefits, the empirical findings regarding the impact of CSR n doing so we model two types of CSR (i.e., company ability relevant CSR (CSR-CA) and company ability irrelevant CSR (CSR-NCA)) and allow firms to choose which one to pursue if they decide to invest in CSR, and incorporate the indirect effect of CSR through expectancy disconfirmation literature. Our analysis reveals the conditions under which it is optimal to invest in CSR and of what type. Then, we extend our analysis by investigating how the incr

Researchers and managers broadly agree that coordination and harmony between manufacturing and marketing improve firm performance by eliminating suboptimal practices within the firm. In this paper, we present a contrasting view of the manufacturing-marketing interface. We model a duopoly in which the firms compete on price and quality dimensions. The manufacturing and marketing managers within each firm are presented with conflicting incentives focused on cost minimization and revenue maximization, respectively. These managers bargain with each other before arriving at compromise decisions regarding price and quality. While frequently encountered in practice, this "conflicting-objectives puzzle" is surprising because one expects that centralized coordination by the owners of the firm towards profit maximization would lead to higher profits. In this paper, we resolve the conflicting-objectives puzzle and demonstrate that, surprisingly, the firm's resulting profits in this setting of conflict can be higher than those obtained when the decisions of the managers are perfectly coordinated. We also analyze the equilibrium in incentive plans when the owners can choose between compromise and perfect coordination. Our results offer a new interpretation of manufacturing-marketing conflict as a strategic tool that can enhance firm profits.manufacturing-marketing conflict, manufacturing-marketing coordination, marketing strategy, pricing strategy, product quality, strategic incentive design, game theory