Present communication deals with study of physico-chemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total alkalinity (TA), calcium hardness (CaH), magnesium hardness (MgH), total hardness (TH), chloride (Cl-), fluoride (F-), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and sulphate (SO42-) of water samples of bore wells of forty villages of Gandhinagar taluka of Gujarat state,India. The experimental values of water samples were compared with standard values given by World Health Organization (WHO) and United State Salinity Laboratory for drinking and irrigation purposes respectively. Water Quality Index (WQI) was also calculated to know the over all quality of water samples. The statistical analysis like mean, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variance (% CV), analysis of variance (ANOVA),t-test, coefficient of correlation (r) and regression analysis of obtained data were carried out. The results show that the quality of water is poor and quite good for drinking and irrigation purposes respectively. The variance was found significant at 1% level of significance in case of sodium and potassium content and at 5% in case of total alkalinity and dissolved oxygen among the four regions (North, South, East and West) of Gandhinagar taluka. The linear relation also established for each pair of water quality parameters of studied water samples.

Treatment of human excreta (HE) is necessary before its discharge into natural water body. Untreated discharge may cause several ill effects for environment and human health. Anaerobic digestion of human excreta can unravel this problem along with production of biogas. Anaerobic digestion process may be either batch type or continuous type. In present study, human excreta were degraded anaerobically by both the means in the laboratory scale 5L capacity glass digesters. The comparative assessment between batch digestion and continuous digestion was carried out. The digesters were fed with human excreta at 6% Total Solids and operated at ambient temperature of 20-37°C for 99 days. The results show that average biogas production in batch feeding process is 322.78 mLday -1 whereas in continues digestion it is 382 mLday -1 . Total biogas production during 99 days in batch digestion and continue digestion is 31955.1 mL and 37833.9 mL respectively. Average methane content in biogas produced in continuous and batch digestion was 68.0% and 67.4% respectively. Results conclude that human excreta can be successfully digested anaerobically to produce biogas with good methane content either by batch or continuous digestion process.

Kitchen is the important part of house which take cares about the health of family members. It also generates organic wastes which are generally dumped. On the other hand many people felt shortage of animal dung for biogas production. This study is an attempt to find out the way between these situations by finding the suitability of kitchen wastes addition for biogas production. The experiment was performed in 5L glass bottles with two treatments i.e. buffalo dung alone and mixture of dung with kitchen wastes. The bottles were filled on daily feeding basis by the feeding material at 5.3% total solids for the experimentation period of 80 days. On first day 12mL fresh digested biogas slurry from running biogas plant was also added in all the digesters as inoculum. Daily biogas production was measured by water displacement method. Results show that co-digestion of dung and kitchen wastes produces 85.71 to 195.12% higher biogas than dung alone. Overall it produces 2.69 % higher total biogas than buffalo dung alone for the experimentation period of 80 days.