Aim:The present study is aimed to investigate whether single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of resistin gene (RETN) at −420 and +299 sites, is associated with resistin levels in serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in periodontally healthy, chronic periodontitis (CP) with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.Materials and Methods:Serum and GCF samples were procured from all the 60 patients (twenty in each group) of the three study groups i.e., periodontally healthy (Group I), CP (Group II) and CP with T2DM patients (Group III) to analyze resistin levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test and clinical parameters were assessed at baseline and at 3 months after scaling and root planing (SRP). RETN polymorphism at −420 and +299 was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.Results:Patients with SNP −420 and +299 were positively correlated with increased serum and GCF resistin levels in Group II and Group III patients. SRP led to substantial reduction in the serum and GCF resistin levels.Conclusion:These findings are suggestive of a biologic link between resistin, periodontal diseases, and periodontal diseases with T2DM and RETN SNP at −420 and +299 in imparting increased resistin levels in inflammatory and diabetic conditions.

Background: The aim of the present study was to detect and correlate the levels of Porphyromonas gingivalis with clinical parameters after nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in chronic periodontitis patients with or without Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) method. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients equally divided into three groups, i.e., periodontally healthy (Group I), chronic periodontitis (CP) (Group II), and CP with T2DM patients (Group III) were assessed through clinical parameters of probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) and were correlated for the presence of P. gingivalis in the respective groups. PPD, CAL, and saliva samples for microbiological evaluation were assessed at baseline, 1-, and 3-month post-NSPT. Results: Significant reduction of PPD was found 1.26 ± 0.22 versus 0.43 ± 0.33 mm in Group I, 4.62 ± 0.78 versus 2.58 ± 0.60 mm in Group II, and 6.28 ± 1.52 versus 4.01 ± 1.38 mm in Group III post-NSPT at 3 months. Similarly, a notable reduction of CAL was exhibited in both Group II (5.28 ± 0.80 vs. 3.12 ± 0.77 mm) and Group III (7.14 ± 1.59 vs. 4.51 ± 1.38 mm) patients after NSPT at 3 months. A greater reduction of P. gingivalis concentrations was observed in both Group II and Group III at 3-month post-NSPT. Conclusion: The substantial improvement of clinical parameters was found to be in correlation with the load of P. gingivalis , which was reduced more in Group II than in Group III, emphasizing the applicability and sensitivity of Q-PCR method for its assessment.