Aim:The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the apical microleakage of Resilon to Thermafil, Gutta-flow and Cold lateral condensation using a dye penetration method.Materials and Methods:Sixty extracted human maxillary single rooted teeth with intact roots were selected. Decoronation was followed by canal preparation upto ISO size 50. Teeth were then randomly divided into four groups for obturation. Group I – Cold lateral condensation with AH Plus, Group II – Gutta-flow with master cone, Group III– Thermafil with AH Plus, Group IV– Resilon with Self-etch epiphany. Apical microleakage was assessed by dye penetration test under stereomicroscope.Result:The result was analyzed statistically and showed that Resilon provides a best seal. Gutta-flow exhibited maximum microleakage. All the four groups at some level or the other exhibited some percentage of microleakage.Conclusions:None of the methods showed a fluid-tight seal.

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The permanent teeth with open apex and large periapical lesion are diffi cult to treat as a traditional root canal procedure, therefore calcium hydroxide place an important role in reducing the periapical infl ammation. Management of open apex can be done using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) which can be placed in apical 3-4 mm. The case reports present two cases with traumatized upper anterior teeth. The radiographic evaluation revealed open apices with blunderbuss canals, the canal was cleaned using intracanal instruments and 5.25% NaOCl and fi nal irrigation with 2% chlorhexidine. To obtain canal disinfection slurry of calcium hydroxide was temporized in the canal. In subsequent appointments, 3-4 mm was created with MTA and allowed to set. Subsequently, the root canals were obturated. A positive clinical resolution of this case is encouraging for the use of white MTA as an apical plug, in immature teeth with open apex.

Objective: To evaluate the marginal quality of class II composite restorations using a bulk fill composite when restored in bulk compared to an incremental filling technique following two different modes of bonding, total etch and self-etch technique. Methods: Forty-eight standardized class II box-shaped cavities were prepared on both the proximal surfaces of twenty-four mandibular molar teeth. Cavities were prepared with no-245 carbide bur on proximal surfaces. The teeth were divided into two groups, Group 1 which followed the self-etch strategy (n=12) and Group 2 which followed a total etch strategy (n=12). Each group was further divided into two subgroups based on the restorative technique followed, Sub group A – cavities on the mesial side which were bulk filled and Sub group B – cavities on the distal side which were incrementally filled. Specimens were placed in 2% methylene blue dye for 24 hrs and were then sectioned. Specimens were evaluated under stereomicroscope for microleakage. Data obtained was statistically analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test and Dunn’s multiple comparison test. Results: The results showed that between the two groups, the total etch technique showed the highest microleakage. Greater microleakage was observed in bulk fill technique when compared with incremental technique in group II. Conclusion: The degree of microleakage in a class II composite restoration is influenced not only by the adhesion strategy followed for the bonding agent, but also by the technique followed during composite restoration

Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate antimicrobial activity of different herbal oils and their ability in disinfection of gutta percha cones. Material and methods: Antimicrobial activity of Lemon grass oil, Cinnamonoil, Peppermintoil and sodium hypochlorite (positive control) was evaluated using Agar diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and E. Faecalis. Sixty gutta percha cones were glove handled during ongoing routine endodontic procedures and then cut into two equal halves. First half of contaminated gutta percha cones were placed in brothand incubated and the other halves were treated with herbal oils and sodium hypochlorite for one minute and then incubated for 24hours to check for turbidity. Results: 1)For both tested micro-organisms, Cinnamon oil showed largest zones of inhibition (mean ± SD), 28.6 ± 1.18 mm, 30.8 ± 1.4 mm against E. faecalis, S. aureus. 2)Cinnamon oil is most effective in decontamination of GP cones in 1 minute, followed by NaOCl, Lemon grass oil and Peppermint oil. Conclusion: Cinnamon oil is a potent antimicrobial agent for rapid disinfection of GP cones in one minute and can be an alternative to sodium hypochlorite.