Abstract:Primary oral melanoma is a rare neoplasm of melanocytic origin, accounting for 0.5% of all oral malignancies. The "chameleonic" presentation of a mainly asymptomatic condition, rarity of this lesion, poor prognosis and the necessity of a highly specialized treatment are factors that should be seriously considered. Here is a case of primary oral malignant melanoma in a 57 years old male and its diagnosis by scrape cytology followed by its confirmation on histopathology and immunohistochemistry.

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. Rhinosporidiosis has been reported from many countries but is endemic in certain parts of India and Sri Lanka. The common sites of involvement are the nose and nasopharynx followed by ocular tissue. Rhinosporidiosis is also known to involve many rare sites and may become disseminated to occur in a generalized form. Rhinosporidiosis of the parotid duct is rare and only five reported cases could be found in the literature. We report three cases of rhinosporidiosis of parotid duct presenting clinically as a parotid duct cyst. Rhinosporidiosis was diagnosed by histopathology. None of these patients had rhinosporidiosis at any other site.

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Introduction: Safety and efficacy of blood donations depends on selection of suitable donors. Understanding the prevalent reasons of non-suitability of donors can help understanding the donor pool demographics to develop better donor recruitment and screening strategies. Material and Methods: This is across sectional retrospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in central India over a period of two years from January 2017 to December 2018. The donor registry from in hospital donation as well as the blood donation camps were analyzed for the pattern of deferral. Results: Total 18,025 people donated blood during the study period. During this period the number of deferrals was 681. The overall deferral rate was 3.77%. Males constituted the majority of donors (17586, 97.56%), and expectedly majority of deferrals were in males (626, 3.47%). The most common reason of temporary deferral in donors was recent alcohol intake is 197(28.93%) potential donors which was exclusively in the males. The most common reason of permanent deferral was hypertension (59, 8.66%). The common reason for deferral among deferred females was low hemoglobin (26, 47.27%) and that in deferred males was alcohol intake (197, 31.46%). Conclusion: Donor deferral is essential to ensure the safety of both the donor and recipient of the blood; however, it can also lead to non-return of temporarily deferred donors. A pattern and trend in donor deferral could be used as a reference for developing policy and future initiatives in donor education, encouragement and retention.