Background & Aims: Most commonly assessed Platelet indices include the mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet-large cell ratio (P-LCR), and the plateletcrit (PCT). The platelet behavior is often unpredictable and complicated in Iron Deficiency Anemia. High MPV and low PDW were reported in patients with leukemia. The present study aimed to evaluate the significance of platelet parameters in anemia and leukemia cases. Materials & Methods:A cross-sectional and observational case-control study was carried out at a teaching hospital of Andhra Pradesh.We measured the platelet indices using an automated counter. Laboratory data from 200 patients of anemia and leukemias were analysed.Results: Hematological disorders such as anemia in 168 cases and Leukemia in 32 cases were recorded. Platelet parameters specifically platelet count (PC), MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were significantly lowered in acute leukemia patients than them of the control group. In chronic leukemia (both CML & CLL) patients, all the platelet parameters such as mean platelet component (MPC), MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were found to be higher than them of the control group. In the majority of chronic leukemia cases, platelets on PBS were discrete (81%) and hypogranular (55%). Inverse relationship noted between MPV and PC among anemic patients. PC in acute leukemia (both AML & ALL) patients was lower than that of the control group. PDW was significantly lower in acute leukemia patients compared to that in the control group. P-LCR was also found to be significantly lower in the acute leukemia group compared to the control group. The PC was higher and the MPV was lower in the anemic group compared to the control group. Conclusion:In chronic leukemia patients, all the platelet parameters such asPC, MPV, PDW, and P-LCR were found to be significantly higher than them of the control group. PC was higher and the MPV was lower in the anemic group compared to the control group. All the platelet parameters such as MPV, PC, PDW, and P-LCR were significantly lower in acute leukemia patients compared to them in the control group, in contrast with chronic leukemia patients where the parameters were significantly higher compared to them in the control group.

Background & Aims: People with diabetes, exhibit increased platelet reactivity. Both insulin resistance and insulin deficiency increase platelet reactivity. Platelets play a vital role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). It has been shown that PC and MPV are independent predictors for poor outcome in primary intracerebral hemorrhage. The aim of the study is to analyze the platelet parameters in patients with some non-hematological disorders such as diabetes mellitus type 2, acute coronary syndrome, and acute ischemic stroke.Materials & Methods: Blood samples were collected from 400 subjects and analysed using the Sysmex KX-21 automated hematology analyser. 300 patients presenting with non-hematological disorders and 100 age and sex matched healthy controls were checked for Platelet indices such as PC, MPV, PDW and P-LCR. The platelet morphology was studied on peripheral blood smear for considering the arrangement, granularity and size of platelets. Results:In total non-hematological disorders, DM type 2 accounts 37.33% (n=112), followed by 35.67% of ACS (n=107), and 27% of AIS (n=81). In diabetes mellitus type 2, PC was statistically elevated along with MPV compared with healthy controls. MPV and PDW were significantly raised in the patients admitted with ACS. In acute ischemic stroke, we noted that there was an elevation in MPV and a decrease in PC compared to them in the control group. Study showed discrete arrangement of platelets in 90% of DM type 2, 88% of ACS, and 80% of AIS patients. PBS in various clinical conditions showed granularity of platelets in 84 % of DM type 2, 81% of ACS and 83% of AIS patients. Study showed increased percentage of macrothrombocytes as 60% of DM type 2, 56% of ACS and 52% of AIS patients. The percentage of large platelets on PBS was increased beyond normal limits in DM type 2, ACS and AIS cases, indicating that there is an increase in size of the platelets supporting an increase in MPV. Conclusion:The measurement of platelet indices may provide useful diagnostic and prognostic information to emergency physicians caring for patients with ACS and AIS.