A simple water treatment process called SODIS (solar water disinfection) consists of filling polluted water in PET bottles that are exposed to sunlight for 5-6 hours. However, sunlight does not only destroy disease-causing microorganisms found in the water but also transforms the plastic material into photoproducts. Laboratory and field tests revealed that these photoproducts are generated at the outer surface of the bottles. No indication for migration of possible photoproducts or additives from PET bottles into water was observed with the applied analytical methods.

The efficiency of biodiesel production from vegetable oils needs to be developed. The process of transesterification using heterogeneous catalysts has been widely studied to replace the role of homogeneous catalysts. The use of BaO promoters into metal oxides increases the activity of heterogeneous catalysts in transesterification reactions. This study was conducted to provide information about the effect of BaO concentrations that are filtered into calcium oxide (CaO) on the transesterification reaction of tofu pulp oil into methyl ester using electrocatalytic methods. The study was conducted at room temperature with a voltage of 18.5 Volts and a reaction time of 120 minutes. Methanol ratio: tofu oil is used at 10:1 with Tetra Hydro Furan (THF) as a co-solvent. The electrocatalytic process is carried out using graphite electrodes. The research variables are the concentration of BaO promoters used at 2%, 4%, and 8%. The parameter of the test is methyl ester content obtained from the results of transesterification reactions with chromatography gas analysis (GC-MS). In this study, the BaO/CaO catalyst was impregnated by wet method and calcined at 450oC for 180 minutes. From the experiments conducted the highest methyl ester yield was obtained in bao / cao catalyst 2% with a yield of 99.99% and biodiesel yield of 94%.

Crude Distilation Unit (CDU) merupakan unit penting sebelum crude masuk kedalam kolom distilasi maka terlebih dahulu melalui proses desalting di desalter. Desalter merupakan unit yang dioperasikan untuk membersihkan crude oil dari kontaminan seperti, garam-garam mineral, ion-ion terlarut dan solid yang terikut pada saat pengeboran minyak. Kadungan pengotor yang terdapat pada crude oil dapat menyebabkan terjadinya korosi, pemampatan pipa dan lain sebagainya. Jika kadar garam sebagai pengotor melebihi 4ptb (jumlah minimum kadar garam dalam crude) maka crude tidak dapat lanjut ke proses berikutnya di karenakan akan merusak proses. Efisiensi kinerja desalter selama 30 hari menghasilkan angka terbaik, pada tanggal 10 april 2017 yaitu 94,153%. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena pengaruh temperatur, spesific grafity dan density yang baik sehingga hasil efisiensinya optimal