Flooding is a common problem that occurs in some regions of Indonesia, including Makassar city. In the planning of flood control, rainfall variables are very necessary as the frequency, intensity and duration of rainfall. The relationship of these variables can be expressed in a curve Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF). The objectives of this study are to identify the best fitting distribution of rainfall data of Makassar city and also to model the relationship between rainfall intensity, rainfall duration and rainfall frequency that is described through IDF curves. The annual maximum daily rainfall data from Ujung Pandang rainfall station of Makassar is used in this study for the period 1986-2015. Data collection was performed at the Department of Water Resources Management in South Sulawesi province. Five distributions which are considered are Gumbel, Generalized Extreme Value (GEV), Generalized Pareto (GPA), Generalized Logistic (GLO) and Pearson type III (P3) distributions. The study result found that the probability distribution of rainfall data in Makassar city has a generalized extreme value distribution. Meantime, based on IDF curves shown that the longer the rainfall duration, the rainfall intensity decreases for various return periods. The results of this study are expected to be valuable information for designers of water management.

Survival and growth responses of snakehead fish ABSTRACTThe aim of the research was to analyze survival, specific growth rate, albumin, feed efficiency and physiological (blood glucose, cortisol, dan haemoglobin) responses of snake head fish juvenil reared in aerated and unaerated of tidal land water have been conducted in the laboratory. An experiments using completely randomized design with aerated and unaerated as a treatment, and each treatment has twelve replications. The snakehead fish juvenil wich length 2.4±0.2 cm and weight of 0.21±0.05 g reared in the aquarium that are size 30×25×35 cm (water volume 25 L) with a stocking density 2 juvenile/L, for 40 days. The fishes were fed with commercial feed with protein content about 40%, feeding two times a day (morning and afternoon) were at satiation. Replacement of water done every two days about 10% of the total water volume in the aquarium. The results showed that unaerated median significantly affected to biometric and physiological response of juvenile of snake head fish. The media un-aerated gives the best results shown by the higher value of survival (92%), specific growth rate (6.73%/day), feed efficiency (78.22%), protein retention (41.91%), energy retention (30.81%) value of albumin (6.60 g/100 mL) and the haemoglobin (5.58 g/dL), and have the lowest value of cortisol (21.49 ng/L) and blood glucose (43.36 mg/100 mL).Keywords: acid sulfate water, growth rate, aeration, Channa striata ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis respons kelangsungan hidup, pertumbuhan spesifik, kadar albumin, dan efisiensi pakan dan fisiologis (kortisol, glukosa darah, dan hemoglobin) juvenil ikan gabus yang dipelihara dengan dan tanpa aerasi pada media air rawa pasang surut. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan aerasi dan tanpa aerasi sebagai perlakuan, dan masing-masing perlakuan memiliki 12 ulangan. Juvenil ikan gabus berukuran panjang 2,4±0,3 cm dan bobot 0,21±0,03 g dipelihara dalam akuarium 30×25×35 cm (volume 25 L) dengan padat tebar 2 ekor/L, selama 40 hari. Ikan diberi pakan berupa pakan komersial dengan kadar protein ±40%, pemberian pakan dua kali sehari (pagi dan sore) at satiation. Penggantian air dan penyiponan dilakukan dua hari sekali sebanyak 10% dari volume total dalam akuarium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tanpa aerasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap respons biometrik dan fisiologis juvenil ikan gabus. Media tanpa aerasi memberikan hasil yang lebih baik ditunjukkan oleh kelangsungan hidup (92%), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (6,73%/ hari), efisiensi pakan (78,22%), retensi protein (41,91%), retensi energi (30,81%), kadar albumin (6,60 g/100 mL), dan hemoglobin (5,85 g/dL) yang lebih tinggi, sedangkan kadar kortisol (219 ng/L) dan glukosa darah (43,36 mg/100 mL) yang terendah.

This study examined the effect of 1) learning strategy [project-based learning (PjBL) and problem-based learning (PBL)] on the ability of seaweed product diversification; 2) 21st-century learning skills [critical thinking, communication, collaboration and creativity (4Cs)] on the ability of seaweed product diversification; and 3) the interaction between PjBL, PBL and 4Cs on the ability of seaweed product diversification. This study was a quasi-experiment with a 2 × 4 factorial design, namely two learning strategies (PjBL and PBL) × four types of 21st-century learning skills. The research subjects were college students of a public university (n = 70). Data were analysed using the two-way analysis of variance. The results indicated that (1) there were significant differences in students’ ability to diversify seaweed between groups which were taught with PjBL and the one with PBL, (2) there were differences in the ability of students’ to diversify seaweed between the ones in the groups with different 21st-century learning skills and (3) there was an interaction between learning strategies and 21st-century learning skills towards the ability to diversify seaweed products. This study indicates that the implementation of PjBL brings a better effect compared to the implementation of PBL in fostering 21st-century learning skill.   Keywords: Project-based learning; problem-based learning; 21st-century learning skills.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran penerapan konsep mutu hasil pertanian siswa kelas X TPHP SMK Negeri 3 Takalar. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 21 siswa. Prosedur penelitian meliputi tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan menggunakan data kualitatif dan kuantitaif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media pembelajaran powerpoint dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini terbukti pada pra siklus, siklus I dan siklus II hasil belajar siswa terus meningkat.ABSTRACT This is class action research which aimed to improve the student's achievement in plant aplication concept quality of agricultural at the X class in SMK Negeri 3 TPHP Takalar. The subjects of this research consisted of 21 student's. Recearch procedure includes planning implementation, observations and reflection. The data that has been collected; is analyzed using quantitative and qualitative data. Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that the aplication of Powerpoint media can improve the student's achievement. The result of the pre-cycle, cycle I and cycle II that has a significant improvement.

Learning in the 4.0 era uses the concept of 4C (Communication, Collaboration, Critical Thinking, and Problem Solving, Creativity, and Innovation). This concept is linear to the use of information and communication technology (ICT). Technology literacy is involved in all subjects of learning. This phenomenon triggers the teachers, the students, and the school environment to play an active role so that technological progress has meaningfulness in increasing student competence. This study aims to: (1) describe the level of the use of ICT use, (2) determine the factors that influence the use of ICT, and (3) describe the ability of teachers to use ICT in the learning process. This research is a mixed-method with a sequential explanatory strategy. The data collected use questionnaires, interviews, observations, and documentation. The results obtained: (1) the level of ICT utilization in the learning process is at level 4, which means Managed and Measurable. (2) the factors that influence the use of ICT in the learning process in Makassar City Vocational High School based on the Resiliency Maturity Assessment Framework screen components namely data application factors, and (3) the ability teachers in utilizing ICTs in the learning process at Vocational High School in Makassar City meet the criteria very well.