Metode perbaikan tanah dasar menggunakan preloading yang dikombinasikan dengan Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) dipilih untuk proyek pengembangan lapangan penumpukan peti kemas di Pelabuhan Trisakti, Banjarmasin, Kalimantan Selatan. Selama masa preloading, ternyata kelongsoran selebar 37 meter terjadi di area penumpukan. Diketahui bahwa kelongsoran terjadi saat preloading setinggi 4,0 meter. Agar lapangan penumpukan dapat beroperasi kembali, diperlukan perencanaan untuk perkuatan lereng dan untuk menghilangkan pemampatan tanah dasar di area lapangan penumpukan. Perbaikan tanah dasar menggunakan preloading yang dikombinasikan dengan Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) digunakan untuk Zona 3, 4, dan 5, dan perkuatan lereng dengan turap digunakan untuk Zona-1 dan Zona-2 yang merupakan bagian lereng dari lapangan penumpukan. Direncanakan PVD dipasang pada kedalaman yang berbeda: 1/3H, 2/3H, dan H (H adalah ketebalan lapisan tanah lunak) untuk melihat kondisi yang menghasilkan biaya paling murah. Dari hasil perencanaan yang dilakukan, diketahui bahwa turap yang digunakan adalah Corrugated Concrete sheet pile type W-600 A1000. Turap dipasang sedalam 18 meter di Zona-1 dan sedalam 22 meter di Zona-2; selain itu, angker dipasang pada turap untuk meningkatkan kekakuan turap. Hasil perencanaan juga menunjukkan bahwa biaya yang paling ekonomis adalah PVD dipasang sampai 2/3H di Zona-3, dan tanpa PVD di Zona-4 dan Zona-5. Total biaya konstruksi adalah sebesar Rp 843
Print) D40 Abstrak-Apartemen Tamansari Emerald berada di jalan Emerald Mansion TX 3 Citraland, Surabaya dan terdiri atas 41 lantai dan 1 lantai basement. Pondasinya menggunakan raft foundation dengan pondasi tiang tipe spun pile berdiamter 60 cm. Adapula dinding penahan tanah pada basement ditanam sedalam 3,55 meter dengan tebal 25 cm. Jenis tanah pada apartemen ini dominan lempung yang memiliki potensi kembang susut dan muka air tanahnya berada pada -0,5 meter dari muka tanah. Demi mendapatkan perencanaan terbaik, dilakukan evaluasi eksisting dan perencanaan alternatif untuk pondasi dan dinding penahan tanah. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi eksisting diketahui bahwa pondasi eksisting memiliki hasil yang kurang memuaskan dari segi aksial. Sedangkan pada dinding penahan tanah, semua aspek sudah memuaskan. Perencanaan alternatif pondasi dengan tipe bored pile berdiameter 80 cm direncanakan panjang penanaman tiang -60 m dari permukaan tanah untuk area tower dengan tebal dasar basement 3,95 meter. Pada area podium panjang penanaman tiang -46,5 m (pilecap tipe C-K) dan -40 m (pilecap tipe L) dari permukaan tanah dengan tebal pilecap 1,2 meter. Lalu, hasil perencanaan alternatif konstruksi penahan tanah dengan secant pile digunakan diameter primary pile 0,8 m dan secondary pile 1 m dengan panjang total 12,65 m. Berdasarkan analisis volume material, didapatkan kebutuhan volume alternatif pondasi bored pile sebesar 317,179 m 3 untuk besi tulangan dan 27581,860 m 3 volume beton, serta struktur dinding penahan tanah eksisting dengan volume material besi tulangan 9,895 m 3 dan volume beton 280,260 m 3 . Hal tersebut menjadikan perencanaan alternatif bored pile dan dinding penahan tanah eksisting merupakan perencanaan terbaik.
The landslides in the field often do not have an infinite length, making 3-dimensional assumptions more appropriate for the design. Meanwhile, they are mostly analyzed in design by assuming the landslides occur infinitely with plane strain in a 2dimensional approach. This assumption becomes less precise due to the consideration of the safety factor based on 2-dimensional conditions while the landslide happens 3-dimensional, and this has further effects on the need for reinforcement. This research was conducted to determine the level of influence 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional landslide safety factors have on the number of reinforcements required. A limit equilibrium method was used in the study. The number of geotextile reinforcement needs with a 3dimensional sliding model is calculated based on existing research results. The results are then compared with the amount of geotextile reinforcement required with a 2-dimensional sliding model. The results showed the possibility of having the same amount of reinforcement under 2-D and 3-D assumptions in the homogeneous soil, while different results were found with heterogeneous soil layers due to the variations in soil conditions. Comparison of the number of geotextile reinforcement requirements between 2 dimensions and three dimensions still needs to be further developed by using more varied soil data. This is done considering that existing studies are only limited to soil, which tends to be homogeneous.
Settlement of embankments on soft soils is a significant problem in geotechnical engineering to maintain pavements, buildings, and other facilities on them. The problem that often arises is not being able to predict the magnitude of consolidation compression accurately, this occurs due to uncertainty in field conditions, laboratory testing, and data interpretation, as well as assumptions made in the development of 1-D consolidation theory. Based on the causes of inaccurate settlements predictions, it is necessary to carry out research on a better method for predicting embankment's settlement on soft soil. To obtain the correct method, a study was conducted by comparing and examining the consolidation settlement of embankments built on soft soil using theoretical calculations and field measurement results. The process involved monitoring the settlements using 25 plate measurement data in embankment preloading for housing and building construction over the very soft clay. The results showed the compression parameter, especially Cc, is very influential on the compression ratio, and the Cc value based on the empirical formula of Bowles (1989) turned out to be the most suitable for the actual compression results in the field with a compression ratio between 0.6-1.1 and confidence of level 90%.
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