Citrus stubborn disease (CSD), caused by Spiroplasma cztn Saglio et al., is one of the most important vector transmittable citrus diseases in the East Mediterranean Area and the Near East.In the present study 39 leafhopper species were determined, and 31 analyzed for S. cztri by ELISA. In 19 leafhopper species the CSD pathogen was detected. The infection rate of the leafhoppers strongly oscillate within one year, but only slight differences were obscrved between the years. The ELISA results were confirmed by culture. Three new leafhopper hosts of S. citri, namely Balclutha hebe (Kirkaldy), Cicadulina bipunctella (Matsamura) and Orosius orientalis (Matsamura) were found during this study. Using transmission experiments with field collected leafhoppers it was shown that only Circulifer opacipennis (Lethierry) is able to transmit S. cztri to Curharanthus ro~eus L. However, two different origins of C. opacipennis occured in the Cukurova region but only one of them transmit the citrus stubborn disease pathogen.