Background: Xanthelasma is an abnormal lipid deposition on palpebrae, which is observable as yellowish plaque or nodules. Its incidence is 0.56–1.5% with onset of 15–73 years old and mostly occurs in the fourth and fifth decade. Few reports of xanthelasma did not cover the correlation between lipid profile and xanthelasma in Indonesia. Purpose: To find a correlation between lipid profile with xanthelasma in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang. Methods: This was an analytic cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling. There were 36 participants (18 xanthelasma and 18 control). Result: The highest age group was >36 - ≤45 years old (38.89%). More cases were observed in female (66.67%). Body mass index examination of xanthelasma revealed that most were overweight (55.56%). Grade I xanthelasma was the most common (72.22%). The cholesterol serum level of xanthelasma patients was higher than the subject controls (224.61±29.77 mg/dl versus­ 169.39±35.84 mg/dl) (p<0,05). The High Density Lipoprotein (HDL)  serum level of xanthelasma patients was lower than controls (46.44±14.19 mg/dl versus 51.78±15.9 mg/dl) (p>0,05). The Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) serum level of xanthelasma patients was higher than control (139.39±29.73 mg/dl versus 106.50±35.43 mg/dl) (p<0,05). Triglyceride serum level of xanthelasma patients was higher than the controls (167.83±87.26 mg/dl versus 121.61±54.52 mg/dl) (p>0,05). Conclusion: There was a correlation between higher cholesterol and LDL serum level with xanthelasma. No correlation between lower HDL and a higher triglyceride serum level with xanthelasma.

Pedikulosis kapitis adalah infeksi kulit dan rambut kepala yang disebabkan infestasi Pediculus humanus var. capitis. Kejadian pedikulosis kapitis cukup tinggi di daerah lingkungan padat seperti panti asuhan. Prevalensi pedikulosis kapitis yang tinggi di panti asuhan menyebabkan anak asuh mengalami gangguan psikis dan fisik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan hubungan tingkat pengetahuan mengenai pedikulosis kapitis dan personal hygiene terhadap pedikulosis kapitis. Metode penelitian berupa survei analitik cross sectional yang dilaksanakan pada dari Januari sampai November 2016 di Panti Asuhan Liga Dakwah Sumatera Barat. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner terhadap 69 orang anak asuh yang bersedia menjadi responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukan lebih dari setengah responden (58%) memiliki pedikulosis kapitis positif, responden lebih dominan memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang tinggi (88,4 %) dan responden lebih banyak memiliki personal hygiene yang baik (81,2 %). Analisis data untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan personal hygiene terhadap pedikulosis kapitis yaitu menggunakan uji Chi-square yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan mengenai pedikulosis kapitis terhadap kejadian pedikulosis kapitis dengan nilai p=0,126 dan tidak ada hubungan antara personal hygiene terhadap kejadian pedikulosis kapitis dengan nilai p = 0,548.

AbstrakPedikulosis kapitis adalah infeksi kulit dan rambut kepala yang disebabkan infestasi Pediculus humanus var.capitis. Kejadian pedikulosis kapitis cukup tinggi di daerah lingkungan padat seperti panti asuhan. Prevalensi pedikulosis kapitis yang tinggi di panti asuhan menyebabkan anak asuh mengalami gangguan psikis dan fisik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan hubungan tingkat pengetahuan mengenai pedikulosis kapitis dan personal hygiene terhadap pedikulosis kapitis. Metode penelitian berupa survei analitik cross sectional yang dilaksanakan pada dari Januari sampai November 2016 di Panti Asuhan Liga Dakwah Sumatera Barat. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner terhadap 69 orang anak asuh yang bersedia menjadi responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukan lebih dari setengah responden (58%) memiliki pedikulosis kapitis positif, responden lebih dominan memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang tinggi (88,4 %) dan responden lebih banyak memiliki personal hygiene yang baik (81,2 %). Analisis data untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dan personal hygiene terhadap pedikulosis kapitis yaitu menggunakan uji Chi-square yang menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan mengenai pedikulosis kapitis terhadap kejadian pedikulosis kapitis dengan nilai p=0,126 dan tidak ada hubungan antara personal hygiene terhadap kejadian pedikulosis kapitis dengan nilai p = 0,548. Kata kunci: tingkat pengetahuan, personal hygiene, pedikulosis kapitis Abstract Pediculosis capitis is an infection of the skin and hair of the head caused infestation Pediculus humanus var.capitis. Pediculosis capitis is quite high in the dense environments such as orphanages. The prevalence of pediculosis capitis high in orphanages causing children suffered physical and psychological disorders. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation of the level of knowledge and personal hygiene with incidence pediculosis capitis.Orphanage. Collecting data using questionnaires in 69 children who are willing to become respondents.The results showed more than half of respondents (58%) had a positive pediculosis capitis, more dominant respondents have a high level of knowledge (88.4%) and respondents were more likely to have good personal hygiene (81.2%).Analysis of data to determine the correlation of the level of knowledge and personal hygiene with incidence pediculosis capitis was using Chi-square test which showed there was no correlation between the level of knowledge about pediculosis capitis on the incidence of pediculosis capitis p = 0.126 and there is no correlation between personal hygiene on the incidence of pediculosis capitis p = 0.548. PENDAHULUANPedikulosis kapitis adalah salah satu klasifikasi dari pedikulosis yaitu infeksi kulit kepala atau rambut pada manusia yang disebabkan oleh Pediculus.

Background: According to WHO data, the number of new cases of leprosy has decreased in 2019. However, Indonesia continues to provide a significant number of cases. According to statistics, India, Brazil, and Indonesia account for 79 percent of all instances. Purpose: This study aims to describe the profile of leprosy patients, and involves all Dermatology and Venereology Academic Hospitals in Indonesia. Methods: This study was a retrospective study of 2461 patients from Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic at 13 Academic Hospitals in Indonesia between January 2018 and December 2020. Result: Subjects in this study were dominated by males (66.8%) and aged > 14 years (95.3%). The most common type of leprosy was multibacillary (MB) (86.2%), and erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) was the most leprosy reaction (20.3%). Majority of the subjects experienced disability in the hands (26.6%), in grade 1. Conclusion: Leprosy cases in Indonesia are mostly experienced by adult males. The most common type of leprosy is MB, with ENL being the most common leprosy reaction. Grade 1 disability is the most prevalent, therefore proper education is necessary to keep patients from progressing to grade 2 disability.

BACKGROUND: Leprosy or Hansen’s disease is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) bacilli which results in chronic infections in humans that affect the peripheral nerves, skin, and other organs such as the eyes, mucous membranes, bones, and testicles. Leprosy has a variety of clinical presentations, depending on the cell-mediated immunity of the host. Leprosy is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as paucibacillary type (PB) and multibacillary type (MB) depending on the number of lesions. This multicenter study aims to provide representation of leprosy types and its epidemiology in Indonesia. AIM: The purpose of this study is to find out the epidemiology according to the leprosy type in 13 teaching hospitals in Indonesia between 2018 and 2020. METHODS: This is a descriptive study with cross-sectional design. All patients with the diagnosis of PB or MB type of leprosy who underwent Multidrug Therapy (MDT) treatment between 2018 and 2020 were included in this study. Data collection was carried out by tracing medical records data in 13 teaching hospitals in Indonesia. RESULTS: A total of 2129 leprosy patients were included in this study. There were 232 cases (10.8%) of PB leprosy and 1897 cases (89.1%) of MB leprosy. The average age of the patients is 38.7 years (SD ± 16.2 years). Males are more affected by leprosy (n = 1,441; 67.7%) compared to female (n = 688; 32.3%). CONCLUSION: Leprosy remains as a national health problem. The increasing cases of MB leprosy in Indonesia are caused by several factors including the lack of knowledge about leprosy, the delay in diagnosis of leprosy, and the stigma of leprosy within the community; therefore, it becomes a challenge to eliminate leprosy in Indonesia.