Analysis consisting of numerical simulations along with lab experiments of interaction effects between key parameters on the electromagnetic force based on response surface methodology (RSM) has been also proposed to optimize the design of high-speed solenoid valve (HSV) and improve its performance. Numerical simulation model of HSV has been developed in Ansoft Maxwell environment and its accuracy has been validated through lab experiments. Effect of change of core structure, coil structure, armature structure, working air gap, and drive current on the electromagnetic force of HSV has been analyzed through simulation model and influence rules of various parameters on the electromagnetic force have been established. The response surface model of the electromagnetic force has been utilized to analyze the interaction effect between major parameters. It has been concluded that six interaction factors including working air gap with armature radius, drive current with armature thickness, coil turns with side pole radius, armature thickness with its radius, armature thickness with side pole radius, and armature radius with side pole radius have significant influence on the electromagnetic force. Optimal match values between coil turns and side pole radius; armature thickness and side pole radius; and armature radius and side pole radius have also been determined.

High pressure (HP) Fuel Pipeline is one of the major components of Combination Electronic Unit Pump (CEUP) fuel injection system which has important role in building up of fuel pressure necessary for fuel injection. Three different 1D mathematical models of damped wave equation (WE) namely linear damped, viscous damped and damped model have been developed in MATLAB to investigate fuel pressure inside HP fuel pipeline of CEUP fuel injection system at various operating conditions of diesel engine. Lab experiments have been conducted to measure the pump side and injector side pressures by using KISTLER 4067 piezoresistive pressure sensors under controlled environment. Each model has been verified by comparing its simulated results with those of 1078 experimentally verified AMESim numerical model of CEUP system. Model evaluation statistical techniques like "Root Mean Square Error" (RMSE) and "Index of Agreement" (IA) have been used to quantify the predicted results of each mathematical model at various operating conditions. From analytical and quantitative analysis it has been concluded that viscous damped mathematical model predicts more accurately as compared to rest of models specially at all combinations of cam rotational speeds and cam angles of 700rpm, 1100rpm and 6°CaA, 10°CaA and 14°CaA respectively. Damped mathematical model predictions have been found relatively more precise at cam angles of 6°CaA and cam rotational speeds of 900rpm and 1300rpm. Moreover linear model was accurate at cam rotational speed of 900rpm and cam angle of 14°CaA.

Operating conditions dependent large pressure variations are one of the working characteristics of combination electronic unit pump (CEUP) fuel injection system for diesel engines. We propose a precise and accurate nonlinear numerical model of pressure inside HP fuel pipeline of CEUP using wave equation (WE) including both viscous and frequency dependent frictions. We have proved that developed hyperbolic approximation gives more realistic description of pressure wave as compared to classical viscous damped wave equation. Frictional effects of various frequencies on pressure wave have been averaged out across valid frequencies to represent the combined effect of all frequencies on pressure wave. Dynamic variations of key fuel properties including density, acoustic wave speed, and bulk modulus with varying pressures have also been incorporated. Based on developed model we present analysis on effect of fuel pipeline length on pressure wave propagation and variation of key fuel properties with both conventional diesel and alternate fuel rapeseed methyl ester (RME) for CEUP pipeline.

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