Abstract. We give criteria for framed links and 3-manifolds to be periodic of prime order. As applications we show that the Poincaré sphere is of periodicity 2, 3, 5 only and the Brieskorn sphere Σ(2, 3, 7) is of periodicity 2, 3, 7 only.
Evolution of spatial distribution of charged particulates under the action of an external force is investigated. It is found that starting from a homogeneous Maxwellian distribution of particulates, clusters can form and aggregate. The evolution process, as well as the asymptotic number and configuration of the clusters formed, depends strongly on the strength of the external force. The particulates in most of the final clusters are in the crystal state, as can also be deduced from the corresponding velocity and auto-correlation functions.
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