The production process of nature graphite anode material is divided into four stages, namely mining, beneficiation, purification and processing. Carbon emission and energy consumption during the whole process were quantified and analyzed in this study. The energy consumption and pollutant emissions in the production process were calculated in accordance with the method of life cycle assessment, and the carbon emission analysis was conducted by IPCC method. The life cycle energy consumption of 1 ton natural graphite anode material is 112.48GJ, and the processing stage contributes 41.71%. The results show that coke oven gas and raw coal are the main energy consumption in the whole life cycle of natural graphite anode material, which account for 32.33% and 23.41% of the total energy consumption, respectively. Furthermore, the carbon emission of 1 ton of natural graphite anode material is 5315.91kgCO2-eq, and mainly comes from raw coal and electricity which contribute 23.98% and 20.99% to the total carbon emission respectively, and CO2 is the largest carbon emission contributed 98.69% to total carbon emission. Finally, the carbon emissions are sensitive to the coke oven gas, raw coal, diesel and electricity, and insensitive to fuel oil.

A quantitative analysis on the environment impact of natural graphite anode material is carried out based on life cycle assessment (LCA) method in this paper. The results show that, the main environment impact categories are human toxicity potential, particulate matter formation potential and marine ecotoxicity potential, which account for 26%, 19% and 15% of total environment impacts, respectively. The processes of production, purification and surface modification cause the strongest impact on the environment, because they consume a large number of electricity. Under the current electricity structure of China, improving the production technology and reducing the energy consumptions of purification and surface modification, are the effective methods of environment impact reduction for LIB anode materials.

Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide, causing a global health issue. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used in treating overweight/obesity has been widely implemented in clinical practice, but its overall efficacy and safety remain unclear. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TCM based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and Clinical Trails from their inception to March 2021. Two reviewers screened studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias independently. The data were pooled for meta-analysis or presented narratively.Results: Twenty-five RCTs involving 1,947 participants were included. Compared with placebo or blank control, TCM preparations reduced Body Mass Index (BMI) [MD = −1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −1.44, −0.89; I2 = 34%], reduced weight (MD = −2.53; 95% CI = −3.08, −1.99; I2 = 34%), reduced waist circumference (MD = −2.64; 95% CI = −3.42, −1.87; I2 = 0%), reduced hip circumference (MD = −3.48; 95% CI = −4.13, −2.83; I2 = 0%), reduced total cholesterol (TCHO) (MD = −10.45; 95% CI = −18.92, −1.98; I2 = 63%), reduced triglycerides (TG) (MD = −4.19; 95% CI = −6.35, −2.03; I2 = 25%), increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (MD = −3.60; 95% CI = −6.73, −0.47; I2 = 81%), reduced fasting blood glucose (FBG) (MD = −0.77; 95% CI = −1.24, −0.29; I2 = 91%). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)、body fat rate、low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were not statistically significant. For people with hypertension, decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD = −5.27; 95% CI = −8.35, −2.19; I2 = 58%), decreased diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (MD = −4.30; 95% CI = −5.90, −2.69; I2 = 0%). For people with normal blood pressure, there was no significant change. There was no significant difference in liver function.Conclusion: It has been demonstrated that TCM preparations have good clinical efficacy and safety for overweight/obesity. TCM may be suitable for overweight/obesity in adult populations for its efficacy and safety of long-term treatment.

Grouting fill is one of the main methods of coal gob treatment. The grouting properties directly affect the effect of grouting treatment. Cement-fly ash grout is widely used in the treatment of coal gob. But in many gob grouting fill projects, due to the lack of fly ash, we need to look for other low-cost grouting materials. Study was made through laboratory experiment on the properties of cement-coal gangue materials used for the gob grouting. In this paper, the correlation of water-solid ratio, cement content, admixture, concretion compression strength, setting time, viscosity, water segregation rate and hardening rate is discussed in the case of use of large gangue content cement. The test results show that compared with the grout not go through the activation process, the blended cement grout mixed with coal gangue powder activated by low temperature and mechanical crushing has high concretion compression strength. Water glass has a great effect on the viscosity, initial setting time and final setting time, which can be used to adjust the grout properties to accommodate grouting environment requirements. This grout has the advantage of wide range sources of raw materials, and can be used to solve the lack of fly ash and gangue resource utilization problems.