Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a high incidence of cervical micrometastases and sometimes metastasizes contralaterally because of the rich lymphatic intercommunications relative to submucosal plexus of oral cavity that freely communicate across the midline, and it can facilitate the spread of neoplastic cells to any area of the neck consequently. Clinical and histopathologic factors continue to provide predictive information to contralateral neck metastases (CLNM) in OSCC, which determine prophylactic and adjuvant treatments for an individual patient. This review describes the predictive value of clinical-histopathologic factors, which relate to primary tumor and cervical lymph nodes, and surgical dissection and adjuvant treatments. In addition, the indications for elective contralateral neck dissection and adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) and strategies for follow-up are offered, which is strongly focused by clinicians to prevent later CLNM and poor prognosis subsequently.

Background/Aims: To compare the colonoscopy findings of a tertiary Chinese hospital with those of an American tertiary hospital. Materials and Methods: Hundred consecutive colonoscopies performed in August 2008 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University in China and at the Emory University Hospital, United States of America, were investigated. The endoscopic findings and the histopathology results were statistically compared. Results: The average age of Chinese patients who underwent colonoscopy in this study was 45.23±15.38 years, whereas that of American patients was 55.38±12.11 years; no difference in sex ratio was observed (p=0.202) between the two populations. Screening colonoscopy accounted for 38% of patients in the American group and zero patients in the Chinese group. Polyps and diverticula were the most common findings in both groups. Abnormal findings in the American patients were three times higher than those in the Chinese patients. Proximal colon polyps were more common in the American group. Conversely, proximal colon diverticula were more common in the Chinese group. The prevalence of non-neoplasm lesions was not different between the two groups (p=0.232); the prevalence of adenomas significantly increased in patients who were more than 50 years old in both groups and was higher in the American group (p=0.038). Conclusion:The prevalence of bowel diseases in American patients was higher than that in Chinese patients. Polyps and diverticula were the main bowel abnormalities in both groups. Chinese patients lacked awareness of colonoscopy screening and should be enhanced aged 50 years old or older, because the prevalence of advanced neoplasia was increased in this age group in both groups.

Background: The number of citations of an article reflects its impact on the scientific community. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the 100 most cited articles on lung cancer screening. Methods:The 100 most cited articles on lung cancer screening published in all scientific journals were identified using the Web of Science database. Relevant data, including the number of citations, publication year, publishing journal and impact factor (IF), authorship and country of origin, article type and study design, screening modality, and main topic, were collected and analyzed.Results: The 100 most cited articles were all English and published between 1973 and 2017, with 81 published after 2000. The mean number of citations was 292.90 (range 100-3,910). Sixty articles originated from the United States. These articles were published in 32 journals; there was a statistically significant positive correlation between journal IF and the number of citations (r=0.238, P=0.018). Seventy-nine articles were original research of which 37.9% were about results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The most common screening modalities in these articles were low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) (n=78), followed by chest X-ray radiography (CXR) and sputum cytology (n=11). The most common topic in these articles was screening test effectiveness.Conclusions: Our study presents a detailed list and analysis of the 100 most cited articles published about lung cancer screening which provides insight into the historical developments and key contributions in this field.

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