We aimed to estimate the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine acceptance rate and identify predictors associated with acceptance. To this end, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases until November 4, 2020. Meta-analyses were performed to estimate the rate with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Predictors were identified to be associated with vaccination intention based on the health belief model framework. Thirty-eight articles, with 81,173 individuals, were included. The pooled COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was 73.31% (95%CI: 70.52, 76.01). Studies using representative samples reported a rate of 73.16%. The pooled acceptance rate among the general population (81.65%) was higher than that among healthcare workers (65.65%). Gender, educational level, influenza vaccination history, and trust in the government were strong predictors of COVID-19 vaccination willingness. People who received an influenza vaccination in the last year were more likely to accept COVID-19 vaccination (odds ratio: 3.165; 95%CI: 1.842, 5.464). Protecting oneself or others was the main reason for willingness, and concerns about side effects and safety were the main reasons for unwillingness. National- and individual-level interventions can be implemented to improve COVID-19 vaccine acceptance before large-scale vaccine rollout. Greater efforts could be put into addressing negative predictors associated with willingness.

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is emerging as a worldwide public health concern; however, the longterm molecular epidemiological surveillance of clinical CRKP in China is limited. We conducted a retrospective observational study (2008-2018) to assess the prevalence, susceptibility, risk factors and molecular epidemiology of clinical CRKP isolates. We found the prevalence of CRKP increased from 2.5%, 2008 to 15.8%, 2018. CRKP were significantly more frequent among hospitalized patients from ICU, and it was significantly more likely to be isolated from the capital city (Hangzhou) and the patients aged ≥60 years. Additionally, seasons and specimen types were associated with CRKP infections. The main CRKP sequence type (ST) was ST11, and bla KPC-2 was the most prevalent gene variant. Together these data reveal an increasing incidence and resistance trends among CRKP, especially the ST11-bla KPC-2-CRKP, in Zhejiang, during 2008-2018. Our findings are important for hospitals to limit its dissemination and optimize antibiotic administration.

Programmable metasurfaces allow dynamic and real‐time control of electromagnetic (EM) waves in subwavelength resolution, holding extraordinary potentials to establish meta‐systems. Achieving independent and real‐time controls of orthogonally‐polarized EM waves via the programmable metasurface is attractive for many applications, but remains considerably challenging. Here, a polarization‐controlled dual‐programmable metasurface (PDPM) with modular control circuits is proposed, which enables a dibit encoding capability in modifying the phase profiles of x‐ and y‐polarized waves individually. The constructed extended interface circuit is able to extend the number of control interfaces from a field programmable gate array by orders of magnitude and also possesses memory function, which enhance hugely the rewritability, scalability, reliability, and stability of PDPM. As a proof‐of‐concept, a wave‐based exclusive‐OR logic gate platform for spin control of circularly‐polarized waves, a fixed‐frequency wide‐angle dual‐beam scanning system, and a dual‐polarized shared‐aperture antenna are demonstrated using a single PDPM. The proposed PDPM opens up avenues for realizing more advanced and integrated multifunctional devices and systems that have two independent polarization‐controlled signal channels, which may find many applications in future‐oriented intelligent communication, imaging, and computing technologies.

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