Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is a type of tingling, static-like sensation that is triggered by special audiovisual stimulation. The sensation passes through the scalp and the back of the neck, sometimes even spreading to the ends of the extremities. In recent years, research on ASMR has been gradually increasing. However, few collections of ASMR video material have been evaluated so far. In the present study, 807 Chinese participants (ASMR participants = 435, non-ASMR participants = 372) were asked to evaluate two types of ASMR videos and one control video, assessing the intensity and duration of tingling sensations triggered by these videos. A total of 60 ASMR videos were screened. The subjective assessment of the experimental group on ASMR intensity and duration, as triggered by the ASMR video material, demonstrated that the library contains 60 ASMR videos that can effectively trigger ASMR in participants who are able to experience ASMR. This video library was then subjected to a test which revealed that Cronbach’s α = 0.933. This proves that the library has good reliability, that it can effectively trigger ASMR in participants who are able to experience ASMR, and that it can be used as experimental material in future ASMR research.
Western literature suggests that young children overestimate their performance across a range of tasks. Research in non-Western cultures, however, is lacking. In 2019, 101 Chinese (52% girls) and 98 Dutch (49% girls) children, ages 4 and 5, were asked to estimate how well they would perform on both a motor and a memory task. Children from both countries overestimated their performance to the same extent ( 2 p = .077 and .027 for the motor and memory tasks, respectively). They generally persevered in doing so despite receiving realistic performance feedback. Yet, children overestimated their peers' performance about as much as their own performance, in some cases even more. This is the first demonstration of performance overestimation in children growing up in a non-Western culture.
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid (CA) on Mirabilis jalapa L. growth and phytoextraction of heavy metals from the multi-metal contaminated soil. The results showed that the application of CA (5 and 8 mmol/kg) and EDTA (5 mmol/kg) increased plant growth, while when the concentration of EDTA was up to 8 mmol/kg, the shoot biomass significantly decreased relative to the control plants (P < 0.05); it suffered 48.1%, 53.1%, 58.9%, and 78.2% reduction, respectively, compared to CK, CA-5, CA-8, and EDTA-5. EDTA was more effective than CA at increasing heavy metal uptake in aerial parts of the plants, the shoot concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn increased by 0.55, 3.08, 3.28, and 1.0-fold in the 8 mmol/kg EDTA-treated soils relative to the treatment of 8 mmol/kg CA. The maximum of Cd, Cu, and Pb phytoextraction and remediation factor (RF) were found with 5 mmol/kg EDTA treatment. For Zn, 8 mmol/kg EDTA was most efficient in increasing Zn accumulation in aboveground of M. jalapa.
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