Objective: To investigate the effects of liraglutide combined with insulin on oxidative stress and expression levels of serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and nuclear factor-B (NF-B) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Study Design: An experimental study.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Streptococcus salivarius K12 as an adjuvant in treating oral candidiasis. Methods A total of 56 patients were participated in the randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. The S. salivarius K12 or placebo lozenges plus nystatin tablets were given for up to 4 weeks at 1‐week interval and then followed up for 1 week thereafter. We collected and analyzed the mycological and clinical data, treatment course, and safety data. Results At the end of the treatment, significant differences were found in the mycological cure rates between K12 group and control group (90.48% and 55.56%, respectively, p = 0.008). Survival analysis demonstrated no statistical difference in overall cure rates comprehensively considering mycological cure, clinical improvement, and recurrence (p = 0.078), while statistical difference was found in mycological cure (p = 0.013) between the two groups. The median treatment courses of K12 group and control group were 3 weeks and 4 weeks, respectively. No severe events were reported during the study. Conclusion Streptococcus salivarius K12 exhibited potential efficacy and safety as an adjuvant in treating oral candidiasis by enhancing mycological cure and shortening the treatment course of conventional antifungal therapy in this randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. Further large‐scale clinical studies are desired to accumulate more evidence for its clinical applications.

Background/aim: The supratrochlear foramen (STF) is an important variation in the lower end of the humerus where the septum separating the coronoid and olecranon fossa is perforated. There are no studies in the literature on the STF of the Jining population. This study will make a contribution to anatomy and anthropology by adding new data.Materials and methods: STF was studied in detail in 262 adult dried humeri of unknown sex and age. The topographical anatomy of the STF was studied, morphometric measurements were taken, and the specimens were photographed with a digital camera. Results:The prevalence of the STF was 10.3%, with 18 cases on the left side and 9 cases on the right side. The STF occurred in 4 shapes: oval, 19 cases; round, 4 cases; triangular, 2 cases; and rectangular, 2 cases. The mean transverse diameter of STF was 4.47 mm and 3.26 mm on the left and right sides, respectively; the mean vertical diameter of STF was 5.07 mm and 3.56 mm on the left and right sides, respectively; and the average surface area of STF was 13.1 mm 2 and 18.43 mm 2 on the left and right sides, respectively. Conclusions:The STF of the Jining population was more common on the left side, with oval being the most common shape. The two sides did not show any statistically significant differences. The findings of this study may be of clinical significance to surgeons and osteologists and may have anthropological or forensic importance.

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