We developed a biodegradable photothermal therapeutic (PTT) agent, π-conjugated oligomer nanoparticles (F8-PEG NPs), for highly efficient cancer theranostics. By exploiting an oligomer with excellent near-infrared (NIR) absorption, the nanoparticles show a high photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 82%, surpassing those of reported inorganic and organic PTT agents. In addition, the oligomer nanoparticles show excellent photostability and good biodegradability. The F8-PEG NPs are also demonstrated to have excellent biosafety and PTT efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. This contribution not only proposes a promising oligomer-based PTT agent but also provides insight into developing highly efficient nanomaterials for cancer theranostics.

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Outstanding performance in VRFBs: a novel polysulfone–polyvinylpyrrolidone membrane with high ion selectivity, superior stability and low cost is constructed for VRFBs. The VRFB with the PSF–PVP–50 membrane exhibits impressive CE (98%), EE (89%), and excellent stability during the 2000 h continuous charge–discharge cycling test.

CS–PWA–Nafion composite membranes were successfully synthesized via a layer-by-layer self-assembly technique. They exhibited low vanadium ion permeability and improved comprehensive performance in VRFBs.