The article studies the distribution of liquid flows when it is pumped through a section of a pipeline with a looping. The factors affecting the distribution of volume flow in the looping and passage were identified, on the basis of which a refined mathematical model of fluid flow in the pipeline section with looping and an algorithm for calculating the distribution of volume flow were developed. A refined calculation of the section with looping was carried out with minimal influence of previously unrecorded factors.
In this paper, we study the processes of mixing when using the technology of transportation of light oil products-sequential pumping by direct contact. Modeling of mixing processes is carried out taking into account the influence of parametric and thermodynamic factors. For numerical modeling, a software package was developed that allows not only modeling and calculating the parameters of the oil pipeline operation in real time with subsequent graphical visualization, but also comparing them with real data processed by operators at production facilities.
Целью авторов является решение проблемы повышения достоверности измерений объемного расхода нефти за счет применения разработанной методики определения объемного расхода в системе сбора и обработки информации систем измерений количества и показателей качества нефти (СОИ СИКН), оснащенных турбинными преобразователями расхода (ТПР), в зависимости от числа Рейнольдса. Данная методика позволяет осуществлять измерения объемного расхода нефти с относительной погрешностью в пределах не более 0,15 % во всем диапазоне вязкостей. В статье сформулирована общая постановка задачи, разработаны блок-схемы по применению методики при контроле метрологических характеристик ТПР, а также в процессе технологического применения расходомера. Методика позволяет определять коэффициент преобразования ТПР, который при известном значении количества импульсов, поступающих с ТПР, в свою очередь дает возможность определять объемный расход в точке измерений. При проведении контроля метрологических характеристик ТПР коэффициент преобразования ТПР, вычисленный по разработанной методике, сравнивается с коэффициентом преобразования, определенным при поверке. Приводятся результаты апробации методики, в рамках которой сравнивались различные виды градуировочных характеристик шестидесяти ТПР, построенных с применением различных функций. По результатам исследований установлена возможность построения (реализация) полученной в соответствии с методикой градуировочной характеристики ТПР во всем диапазоне объемного расхода и кинематической вязкости нефти. Установлено, что применение методики позволит снизить риск аварийных ситуаций и прекращения учетных операций на СИКН; сократить продолжительность вынужденных простоев СИКН или свести их к нулю; получить достоверные данные о работе ТПР и, соответственно, спрогнозировать остаточный ресурс деталей и узлов (время наработки до наступления предельного состояния). The objective of the authors is to solve the challenging issue of increasing the reliability of measurements of the oil volumetric flow rate through the application of the developed methodology for determining the volumetric flow rate in the Data collection and processing system of crude quality control system (DCPS CQCS) equipped with turbine flow transducers (TFT ), depending on the Reynolds number. This methodology allows measuring the oil volumetric flow rate with a relative error of not more than 0.15 % in the entire range of viscosities. The article formulates a general problem statement; flowcharts for the application of the methodology in monitoring the TFT metrological characteristics, as well as in the process of technological application of the flow meter are developed. The methodology allows determining the TFT conversion factor, which, at the known value of the number of pulses coming from the TFT, in turn, offers an opportunity to determine the volumetric flow rate at the measurement point. When monitoring the TFT metrological characteristics, the TFT conversion factor calculated according to the developed methodology is compared with the conversion factor determined during verification. The results of the methodology approbation are presented, within the framework of which various types of calibration curves of 60 TFTs constructed using various functions were compared. Based on the results of the research, the possibility of constructing (implementing) a TFT calibration curve obtained in accordance with the methodology in the entire range of volumetric flow rate and kinematic viscosity of oil was established. It was found that the application of the methodology will allow reducing the risk of accidents and termination of accounting operations in the CQCS; reducing the duration of forced downtime of the CQCS or reducing it to zero; obtaining reliable data on the TFT operation and, accordingly, predicting the residual life of parts and assemblies (the elapsed operating time before limit state).
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