In this paper dividing factors G L and G T are constructed for the longitudinal and transverse responses of the relativistic Fermi gas in such a way that the reduced responses so obtained scale. These factors parallel another dividing factor studied previously, H L , that yields a (different) reduced response which fulfills the Coulomb sum rule. G L , G T and H L are all found to be only very weakly model-dependent, thus providing essentially universal dividing factors. To explore the residual degree of dependence which remains, the scaling and sum rule properties of several specific models have been considered. It is seen that the relativistic Fermi gas (by construction) and also typical shell-model reduced responses successfully scale and satisfy the Coulomb sum rule, as do experimental results at medium to high momentum transfers. On the other hand, it is observed that the quantum hadrodynamic model does so only if interaction effects become weaker with increasing momentum transfer, as predicted in the most recent versions of that model.

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An inclusive electron scattering experiment on 16O and 40Ar is presented. The ADONE electron storage ring, a clustered jet-target and a BGO calorimeter to detect electrons were used. Spectra were collected at beam energies from 0.5 up to 1.5 GeV and at laboratory scattering angles from 32 degrees to 83 degrees . The Coulomb sum rule integrated in the quasi-elastic peak at 570 and 800 MeV/c momentum transfer was measured in 16O and our 40Ar results were compared with the available data on 40Ca.

The results of an experiment on inclusive electron scattering from an oxygen jet target, performed in a wide range of energy and momentum transfer covering both quasi-elastic and ∆(1232) resonance regions, are reported. In the former region the theoretical predictions, obtained including effects of nucleon-nucleon correlations in both initial and final states, give a good description of the experimental data. In the inelastic region a broadening as well as a damping of the resonant part of the cross section with respect to the free nucleon case is observed. The need of more detailed calculations including nuclear structure effects on the electroproduction cross section of nucleon resonances is highlighted.

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