In the present investigation, the bioactive compounds from the leaf extract of Artemisia nilagirica showed potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. The leaf extract showed a maximum protection of human red blood cells (HRBC) with 74.63% at 20 µg/mL concentration, and the minimum hemolysis was 25.37% in a hypotonic solution with diclofenac as the control. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of plant extract against Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Salmonella typhi , Proteus vulgaris , Yersinia enterocolitica , Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans was evaluated at various concentrations (50, 100, 150, and 200 µg). The maximum zone of inhibition was observed against P. aeruginosa followed by B. subtilis , S. typhi , S. aureus and E. coli. The leaf extract also showed potent activity against C. albicans.

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