RESUMO -Com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento e desenvolvimento de leguminosas utilizadas como adubos verdes, instalaram-se três ensaios, em três épocas de semeadura e dois espaçamentos na região dos Cerrados, durante o ano agrícola de 1991/1992, na área experimental da Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa do Solo (CNPS), em Senador Canedo, GO. As espécies avaliadas foram Crotalaria juncea L., mucuna-preta (Mucuna aterrima (Piper & Tracy) Merr.), guandu cv. Kaki (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) e Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don. O delineamento experimental utilizado, dentro de cada época, foi o de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições. Os resultados indicaram que C. juncea e C. cajan apresentaram as maiores produções de fitomassa seca. O atraso da semeadura, em relação ao início da estação chuvosa, reduziu os rendimentos de fitomassas verde e seca produzidos pelas leguminosas, exceto pela mucuna-preta. Os espaçamentos de 0,5 m e 0,4 m não influenciaram o período para o florescimento e as produções de fitomassas verde e seca.Termos para indexação: Mucuna aterrima, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Cajanus cajan, adubação verde. EVALUATION OF GREEN MANURES IN DIFFERENT SOWING DATES AND ROW-SPACINGS IN THE CERRADOS REGIONABSTRACT -In 1991/1992 growing season, three field experiments were carried out to evaluate the growth and development of sunn (Crotalaria juncea), Crotalaria ochroleuca, black velvet bean (Mucuna aterrima), pigeon pea cv. Kaki (Cajanus cajan) as green manures at three sowing dates and two row spacings at Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Solos (CNPS), Senador Canedo, GO, Brazil. The experimental design used was a complete randomized block with split-plot and three replicates. Highest yields of dry matter were obtained with C. juncea and C. cajan. The delay in sowing dates to the beginning of the rainy season, reduced yield of fresh and dry matter of all legume species, except black velvet bean. Row-spacings of 0,5 and 0,4 cm did not influence the time for flowering and the yield of fresh and dry matter. que poderá causar à produção da cultura comercial. Seu uso pode ser viabilizado com a semeadura no final da estação chuvosa, em sucessão à cultura (Pereira et al., 1992). Esse plantio pode ser realizado, ainda, aproveitando a ocorrência de veranicos, quando o preparo do solo e a semeadura são passíveis de serem realizados, e no início do período das chuvas, à medida que o plantio da cultura principal possa ser efetuado a posteriori. Atualmente, entre as diversas leguminosas promissoras para adubação verde na região dos Cerrados, destacam-se: mucuna-preta (Mucuna aterrima), guandu (Cajanus cajan), crotalárias (Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria ochroleuca,

The influence of temperature on the fatty acid composition of the oils from conventional and high oleic sunflower genotypes grown in tropical regions was evaluated under various environmental conditions in Brazil (from 0° S to 23° S). The amounts of the oleic, linoleic, palmitic and stearic fatty acids from the sunflower oil were determined using gas chromatography (GC). The environment exhibited little influence on the amounts of oleic and linoleic fatty acids in high oleic genotypes of sunflower. In conventional genotypes, there was broad variation in the average amounts of these two fatty acids, mainly as a function of the minimum temperature. Depending on the temperature, especially during the maturation of the seeds, the amount of oleic acid in the oil of conventional sunflower genotypes could exceed 70 %. Higher temperatures led to average increases of up to 35 % for this fatty acid. Although the minimum temperature had the strongest effect on the fatty acid composition, locations at the same latitude with different minimum temperatures displayed similar values for both oleic acid and linoleic acid. Furthermore, minimum temperature had little influence on the amounts of palmitic and stearic fatty acids in the oil.

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adubação nitrogenada no nitrogênio da biomassa microbiana do solo (N BMS ), em diferentes profundidades, em um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo cultivado com cevada. O experimento foi instalado em junho de 2004, em área experimental de primeiro ano de plantio direto, anteriormente cultivada com milheto por três anos e posteriormente com soja por duas safras. Foram utilizados os seguintes tratamentos: quatro doses de nitrogênio (30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha Microbial biomass nitrogen in cerrado soil with nitrogen fertilizer applicationAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen doses and soil depths on soil microbial biomass nitrogen (N SMB ) in a sandy textured Oxisol, cultivated with barley. The experiment was established in June, 2004, in an area which had been cultivated with millet for three years and subsequently with soya beans for two seasons. The treatments were four doses of nitrogen (30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha -1 ) and a control without any dose. Soil samples were collected in four depths: 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 e 20-30 cm, comprising three replicates and three sampling periods: tillering, flowering and right after the harvest. The N SMB and N SMB :N total decreased according to depth. Higher doses of nitrogen did not increase the N SMB . The N total was not altered with the application of nitrogen, but it decreased with depth. There were negative correlations between the N SMB and soil pH for all the doses, except for the treatment without nitrogen. There were also positive correlations between the N SMB :N total and N SMB , but not between N SMB :N total and N total .

Recently, researches have shown that the Brazilian savannah has a great potential to supply the demand for barley grains. The purpose of this study was to assess the genetic variability in 39 elite barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes based on the agro-morphological traits of a crop irrigated in the savannah system. An irrigation experiment in the design of complete randomized block with four replicates was conducted at Federal District -Brazil. The evaluated traits were: distance from the last knot to the rachis, distance from the flag leaf to rachis, spike length, number of grains by ear, flag leaf area, plant height, silking, lodging, grain yield, thousand-seed weight, protein content and grain commercial classification. After using analysis of variance the means were used to estimate the genetic dissimilarity among all genotypes pairs based on the Mahalanobis' generalized distance. Cluster analysis using genetic distance matrix was performed having Unweighted Pair Group Method using Arithmetic Means method (UPGMA) as the criteria. Highly significant differences were found among the genotypes for all traits evaluated. The high coefficient of genetic variation indicates the possibility of having genetic gains for all traits. The traits that most contributed to the variability were the flag leaf area and silking, while the protein content and lodging were the traits that contributed the least. Based on the cluster analysis, at least three major groups of similarity were found. There was a clustering trend of two and six-rowed materials. The most divergent genotypes were PFC 2005123, Antártica-1, Nandi and FM 404.

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características agronômicas de híbridos de girassol adaptados à segunda safra e determinar as correlações entre elas. Testaram-se 15 híbridos -dois alto oleicos e 13 não alto oleicos (híbridos tradicionais) -, além de um híbrido como testemunha. Um delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso foi utilizado com quatro repetições, e as semeaduras foram feitas em 2013 e 2014. As características avaliadas foram as seguintes: dias para a maturação fisiológica, altura de planta, produtividade de grãos, teor de óleo e produtividade de óleo. As maiores produtividades de grãos ocorreram em híbridos que não são nem precoces nem de porte mais baixo. A correlação entre produtividade de grãos e produtividade de óleo foi positiva e significativa; no entanto, as correlações entre teor de óleo e essas duas características não foram significativas. Os híbridos de girassol 'Syn 045' e 'Syn 3950A' (alto oleico) se destacaram, na segunda safra, quanto à produtividade de grãos e de óleo. O híbrido 'CF 101' -ciclo precoce -apresenta boa produtividade de grãos e de óleo e, portanto, é a opção adequada para a semeadura tardia na segunda safra. Assim, estão disponíveis híbridos de girassol adaptados e com características adequadas ao cultivo de segunda safra e às demandas do mercado.Termos para indexação: Helianthus annuus, oleaginosa, óleo, produtividade. Agronomic traits and their correlations in sunflower hybrids adapted to second cropAbstract -The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic traits of sunflower hybrids adapted to second crop and to determine the correlations between them. Fifteen hybrids were tested -two high-oleic and 13 non high-oleic ones (traditional hybrids) -, besides one hybrid used as a check. A randomized complete block experimental design was carried out with four replicates, and sowings were done in 2013 and 2014. The evaluated traits were the following: days to physiological maturity, plant height, grain yield, oil content, and oil yield. The higher grain yields occurred in hybrids that are neither of early cycles nor of shorter stems. The correlation between grain yield and oil yield was positive and significant; however, the correlations between oil content and these two traits were not significant. The 'Syn 045' and 'Syn 3950A' sunflower hybrids (higholeic) stood out, in the second season, both for grain yield and oil yield. The 'CF 101' hybrid -early cycleshows good grain and oil yield, and, therefore, it is an appropriate option for late sowing in the second season. Thus, adapted sunflower hybrids with appropriate traits are available for second season cropping and to meet market demands.