Obesity is a progressing epidemic, the prevalence of which has doubled over the past 30 years. The distribution of adipose tissue is an important factor in predicting the risk of cardiovascular events. The most significant inflammatory activity is characteristic of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), the role of which in the development of atrial fibrillation (AF) remains a subject of discussion.Aim. To study the effect of EAT size on the development of AF in hypertensive (HTN) patients.Material and methods. The study included 95 patients with HTN aged 38-72 years (mean age, 61,5±1,8 years), including 45 patients with paroxysmal AF (group I) and 50 patients in the comparison group (group II). In order to assess the severity of visceral obesity, all patients underwent a general examination and echocardiography. To determine the EAT volume, cardiac multislice computed tomography was performed.Results. Echocardiography revealed that the EAT thickness was significantly greater in hypertensive patients with paroxysmal AF than in the comparison group: 11,6±0,8 and 8,6±0,4 mm, respectively (p<0,001). According to cardiac multislice computed tomography, a significant increase in EAT volume was revealed in patients of group I (4,6±0,4 ml) compared with group II (3,5±0,25 ml) (p=0,019). In hypertensive patients with paroxysmal AF, a positive moderate relationship between the EAT volume and left atrial volume was revealed (r=0,7, p=0,022). Multivariate analysis showed that in hypertensive patients, EAT thickness >10 mm and volume >6 ml can serve as integral markers of the onset of paroxysmal AF.Conclusion. Integral markers of AF in hypertensive patients are an increase in the EAT thickness >10 mm (odds ratio, 4,1; 95% confidence interval, 1,1-5,6) and volume >6 ml (odds ratio 3,7; 95%, confidence interval 1,0-4,2).
Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет) Россия, 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8 стр. 2 Цель. Изучить изменения жесткости сосудистой стенки, сосудодвигательной функции эндотелия и появления новых случаев фибрилляции предсердий (ФП) у больных артериальной гипертензией (АГ) при длительном лечении лизиноприлом. Материал и методы. В исследование включено 66 больных АГ с синусовым ритмом в возрасте от 48 до 64 лет (средний возраст 58,4±4,2 лет). Пациенты были рандомизированы в две группы: 1 группу составили 35 больных АГ, которые на протяжении 5-летнего наблюдения по-лучали терапию лизиноприлом или комбинацию лизионоприла с гидрохлоротиазидом, во 2 группу (группа сравнения) включены 31 пациент, которые не получали ингибиторы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента или блокаторы рецепторов ангиотензина II. Проспективное наблюдение за больными проводилось с сентября 2010 по июнь 2016 гг. и включало телефонные контакты с пациентами каждые 3 мес, ежегодное общеклиническое и лабораторно-инструментальное обследование. По результатам суточного мониторирования ЭКГ по Холтеру и данных дневников пациентов проводился мониторинг новых случаев ФП. Результаты. Появление новых случаев ФП за 5 лет наблюдений было отмечено у 2(6%) больных в группе принимавших лизиноприл, и у 4 (13%) пациентов в группе сравнения (р=0,001). Проводимая терапия лизиноприлом достоверно уменьшала появление новых случаев ФП. При проведении повторной эхокардиографии через 5 лет лечения было обнаружено, что у пациентов, принимавших лизиноприл, индекс массы миокарда левого желудочка (ИММ ЛЖ) и размер левого предсердия (ЛП) не имели достоверной динамики на протяжении 5-летнего наблюдения, в группе сравнения наблюдалось достоверное увеличение ИММ ЛЖ и размера ЛП. Назначение лизиноприла спо-собствовало длительному сохранению сосудодвигательной функции эндотелия и предупреждало появление жесткости сосудистой стенки. Заключение. При 5-летнем наблюдении за пациентами было выявлено, что длительное назначение лизиноприла достоверно уменьшало развитие новых случаев ФП. Лизиноприл обеспечивает органопротекцию на различных этапах сердечно-сосудистого континуума, что поз-воляет рекомендовать его применение для первичной профилактики аритмии у больных АГ. Aim. To study the changes in the stiffness of the arterial wall, vasomotor function of the endothelium, and appearance of new cases of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with arterial hypertension with long-term treatment with lisinopril. Material and method. 66 hypertensive patients with cardiac sinus rhythm at the age of 48-64 years (mean age 58.4±4.2 years) were included into the study. They were randomized into 2 groups: patients of group 1 (n=35) were prescribed lisinopril or a combination of lisinopril with hydrochlorothiazide over the 5-year follow-up; patients of group 2 (control) did not receive angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers. The follow-up duration was from September 2010 until June 2016. It included teleph...
The modern medical literature practically does not contain clinical publications reporting studies of factors responsible for progression of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). It accounts for the importance of investigations into evolution of the clinical course of AF in such patients.Aim. To elucidate evolution of the clinical course of AF in patients with CHD in a long-term prospective study.Materials and methods. The study included. 112 patient aged 57-74 (mean 67.44±3.3) years with CHD and paroxysmal form of AF carried outfrom 2011 to 2015. Evolution of the clinical course of AF was evaluated based on the number of arrhythmic attacks during the last 3 months. The appearance ofprolonged persistent AF episodes or permanent AF was regarded as progression of arrhythmia.Results. During the 4 year study, 64 (57,2%) patients (group 1) did not experiencea rise in the frequency and duration of AF attacks. Progression of arrhythmia was documented in 48 (42,8%) of the 112 (100%) patients (group 2). These patients more frequently had the history of myocardial infarction and chronic heart failure than patients of group 1. The latter had the mean values of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction 61,23±6,24%, i.e. significantly higher than 48,47±8,4% in group 2.47 and 28 % of the patients in group 2and 1 respectively suffered mitral regurgitation (p<0,05). Patients of group 2 had significantly more akineticzones. Intake of nitroglycerin in group 1 resulted in positive dynamics of local LV contractility that did not change in patients of group 2. Conclusion. 42,8% of the patients with CHD and paroxysmal form of AF experienced progression of arrhythmia into a persistent or permanent form. Predictors of AF progression in patients with CHD are the history of myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure, mitral regurgitation, and irreversible changes in local myocardial LV contraction.
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