The purpose of this study is to identify the peculiarities of the formation and location in the structure of urban spaces, modern wooden temple architecture, its harmonious coexistence with the existing residential and public environment of Lviv. There is also a need to show the features of the material (wood) and its relief, namely the texture as a component of the perception of image and form, which accentuate the building of the temple in the urban spatial structure of Lviv.
Understanding the tradition, innovation and national identity of examples of wooden temple buildings, in particular, Ukrainian churches, certain trends are identified, which in their essence become the main ones, regarding the intensity of development in temple construction. The factors of tradition and innovation are identified as important mediums for establishing the national identity of the image of wooden temple buildings, and their expression in the modern temple-building process of creating a Christian shrine.
https://doi.org/ У статті зроблено спробу розкрити структуру символу у його образі та геометричній формі як вираження сакральної сутності у храмобудуванні. Вона виявляється через ідею-образ, функціонально-змістове наповнення та певне знаково-символьне проявлення у просторі храмових обсягів святині. Оскільки символ у своєму практичному застосуванні виховує у будівничого чутливість до формальної досконалості, гармонії та естетики змісту і сакральної заангажованості, то саме у знаково-символьному вираженні виявляється сакральна сутність храмових будівель. Ключові слова: знак, символ, ідея-образ, форма, формотворення, храмобудування, гармонія, естетика та досконалість, сакральний, іерофанія. Постановка проблеми Простір, який творить зовнішню та внутрішню сутність сакральної будівлі, отримує наповнення і вираження через певні символічні сутності, які втілюються за допомогою різних знакових компонентів, що творять і наповнюють його. Ці компоненти творення сакрального простору у храмобудуванні виражаються через ідею-форму відповідного функціонального наповнення через невидимі знаки-символи, що творять певний образ святині. Розглядається структура символьного образу і типологічна побудова знака-символу і його просторового виявлення в геометричних формах та обсягах. Аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій Розуміли символьно-знакову та образну структури як виражальні чинники сакральності у храмобудуванні України та зарубіжжя такі дослідники, як: І.
The article reveals the features of modelling the structure of the temple space, taking into account their symbolic-figurative and architectural-spatial implementation in church buildings of Byzantium and Rus-Ukraine. Sacralization of space and place through the manifested phenomenon of their consecration is created by the image and form of the temple building. The transformation of the planning and spatial solution of churches, from the domical bathylic to the form, shape, symbol, form creation, sacral, dome, bathylic, cross-domical structure, made it possible to combine them both in large metropolitan buildings and smaller churches while maintaining the ability to embody the essence of the "temple as an earthly heaven" closer to a person in this space. This essence is also present in modern temple buildings, which preserve the traditions of shaping their predecessors.
The article considers the formative features of the formation of the Ukrainian architectural style (modern style) as a phenomenon that has accumulated both properties characteristic of the style of Western European countries, and national traditions of the formation of folk housing or sacred construction. Ukrainian architectural style (modern style) has become an outstanding phenomenon in the development of domestic and European architectural art. It has absorbed many features that have become common to the pan-European architectural heritage, with its features and differences in the varieties of its expression. During the XIX-early XX centuries, church buildings appear in temple architecture, and they were based on the foundations of a "modern" or "realistic" understanding of shaping. Therefore, there is a focus on national culture and traditions, in an innovative sound. Linearity and decorativeness are manifested in stylistic solutions and detailing of decorative elements and inserts. In Galicia, for the first time in 1894, a building was implemented that embodied the above-mentioned features and principles of the formation of the UAS (UAMS). And its creator was the famous architect and industrialist Ivan Levinsky, professor of Lviv Polytechnic.
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